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Abstract
The polyester textile industry is a new technology of textile process using grey fabric, which made of pure polyester. Grey fabric, in woven or knitted 1’Ol1n, is the basic raw material for textile processing. Composite units produce their own fabric in their weaving department, whereas others get it from weaving mills and carry out only pretreatment, dyeing, printing and finishing operations.(I)
Water is extensively employed in the preparation of a variety of chemical and dye baths for polyester textile processing, washing of fabric at various stages, and production of steam. The main disadvantage of textile industry in general is wastewater quantity and its quality.
Water is consumed during the different production process for fiber preparation, dying, washing, and finishing processes. Other pUlvoses of water consumption are water used in cooling, heating, and boiler beside the human use.
There are two main issues affecting the water quality, the first issue is the raw water quality specification needed for tIus industry. For example, it is required to use soft water for different production process. To attain this aim ion exchange resin units must be used which consume Sodium Chloride during the regeneration process. As well as the back wash leads to produce hannfi.ll substances that pollutes the discharged water to the sewer system.
The second issue is the resulted Wastewater, which contains all chemical residuals due to use of different types of chemicals through the production process. Polyester-textile processing involves variety of
alkalis, wetting agents, sequestering agents, surfactants, binders, dyes, pigments, an chemicals. Effluents ITom textile mills contain high values of B TSS, TDS, sediments, oil &grease and chromium contents. The BOD, COD, TSS and oil & brrease in certain conditions, always c allowable limits.
This new technolob’Y of polyester textiles based on high I consumption has been started in Egypt since 1996 to produce h of pure polyester fabrics. As a result, the water resources will I danger when this highly polluted wastewater discharged owing t, teclmology produce an environmental problem that should be efficiently.
1.1 Obiectives of this research:
In textile industry, production is earned on different pro using natural and synthetic raw materials such as wool, cotton. T of raw materials, chemicals, processes and also technologic applied to the processes cause complex and dynamic stl1 environmental impact of textile industry. These dynamic stmc only affect the characterization and quantity of wastewater and t~ purification technologies but also make it being impossible to f( typical kind of wastewater and a standard purification technol basic goal of these purification teclmologies is to dispersiol impurities out of the wastewater by one or a combination of chemical or biological method.
The main objectives of this research were detennination of effective method of wastewater treatment to achieve the maximum possible water quality to discharge to the sewer system according to the allowable limits with low cost.
More over verifying the ability of the biological treatment process under aerobic conditions to digest the high load of the organic matter found in the polyester wastewater.