الفهرس 
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Abstract
It is well known that NaOH and NIT, are among the most dangerous chemicals which are hazardous to both human and aquatic life and which are produced from waste streams of paper and fertilizer factories respectively. In this work the applicability of the emulsion liquid membrane technique (ELM) to the extraction of an alkali from aqueous solution has been investigated. Factors such as initial concentration of alkali, acidity of internal phase, molar ratio of acid in internal phase to alkali in external phase of the (W/O)W dispersion, time of gravity. separation of the two conjugate phases, time of mixing during extraction, ratio of external phase to emulsion phase and concentration of emulsifier, were investigated for their effect on. the percent extraction of alkali, leakage of the formed salt to the external phase, acid leakage 4and fraction of acid leakage to the external phase and the total amount” of salt formed in both phases. Aqueous HCI was used as the receiving phase and paraffin oil as the membrane phase and span 80 as emulsifier and stabilizer for the emulsion. NaOH and. NH3 have been tested as an alkali and the results for NaOH indicated. that perceni extraction varied inversely with initial solution concentration, reaching 100% when the concentration <.2500 p.p.m NaOH. The percent extraction also varied inversely with increasing extraction time, reaching 100% after 5 minutes, and. varied directly with time separation until a maximum after 2 days after which it declined. the ratio of NaOH in the internal to external phase of the (W/O)/W dispersion was abol,it tenfold and the relationship between the NaOH in the internal to external phase was linear. The optimum conditions arrived at under which 100% extraction was achieved can be summarized by the following conditions: initial solution concentration = 2500 p.p.m-NaOH, molar ratio of HCI to NaOH = 1, time of extraction = 5 minutes, time of gravity separation = 2 days, Span 80 = 5 %, volume ratio of internal to external.