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Abstract
The aim of the current research is studying the three dimensional groundwater seepage around two consecutive hydraulic structures. The study was done using the finite element technique, and a computer program, SWICHA version 5.05.
A review for the previous researches in the field of seepage studies is presented. It is mainly concerned with two main subjects: the study of three dimensional seepage, and the previous researches for two consecutive hydraulic structures.
The assumptions and parameters of the proposed numerical model are discussed in details. Both the finite element technique and the computer program are briefly discussed. The numerical model and the computer program were verified by comparing with mathematical and numerical solutions for three problems are; two dimensional single structure, three dimensional single structure, and two dimensional two consecutive structures
The study took most of the seepage characteristics in consideration. They are; uplift pressures, velocity gradients, seepage discharges, and level of the phreatic surface around the structures. The studied parameters are: the relative separating distance between the two structures, their relative widths, their relative lengths, the relative effective heads, and the relative pervious stratum depth. In addition the effect of putting a side wall in-between the two structures is also discussed.
The study illustrates some points, which are; when it is acceptable to study the problem in 2D mode, determining the minimum separating distance at which each structure, in the system of the two consecutive structures, can be studied independently, illustrating a variety of seepage characteristics which were not quite investigated in previous studies, determining when the effect of each parameter, of the studied group of parameters, can be neglected.