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Abstract
Stem cells can be defined as cells capable of unlimited self-renewal, multilineage differentiation, and in vivo functional reconstitution of a given tissue with flexibility in the timing of this differentiation (Loeffler et al., 2002).
Stem cell plasticity refers to the ability of adult stem cells to acquire mature phenotypes that are different from their tissue of origin. Adult bone marrow cells (BMCs) include two populations of bone marrow stem cells (BMCs): hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), which give rise to all mature lineages of blood, and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), which can differentiate into bone, cartilage, and fat (Joanna et al.,2007). A novel and exciting approach could be offered through the current developments in the field of stem cell biology. In the past few years, multiple studies have demonstrated that adult stem cell plasticity is far greater and complex than previously thought; raising expectations that it could lay the foundations for new cellular therapies in regenerative medicine (Masson et al., 2007).