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Abstract
Venous thromboembolism is a serious medical problem causing considerable suffering and occasional death. Thrombosis tends to occur in conjunction with surgery, fractures, inflammatory states, immobilization, pregnancy, and the use of oral contraceptives, demonstrating circumstantial risk factors to be of importance in the pathogenesis. In addition, thrombosis is often familial, suggesting genetic risk factors to be involved.The genetic defects previously known to be associated with thrombophilia were deficiencies of protein C, protein S, antithrombin III, and dysfibrinogenemia, though together they account for only 5% to 10% of cases. Recently, however, inherited resistance to the anticoagulant action of activated protein C (APC) was found to be a factor involved in thrombophilia. In most cases, APC resistance is caused by a single point mutation in the factor V gene, predicting replacement of Arg506 with Glu. APC resistance is a major factor in the development of venous thromboembolism .