الفهرس 
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Abstract
This study was conducted during 2006-2007 and 2007-2008 seasons on head-trained Red Roomy grapevines in vineyard located at Experimental Station of Seds at Seds village, Beni Suef Governorate. The texture of the soil is clay .The objective of this study was examining the effect of different concentrations and dates of application of Dormex, Garlic extract and Ethephon on breaking dormancy, behaviour of buds, vegetative growth characters, leaf chemical composition, yield as well as some physical and chemical characters of Red Roomy grapes. Adjusting the suitable material, concentration and time of application that responsible for obtaining an economical yield is considered an important target.The chosen vines were subjected to head pruning system leaving 60 eyes per each vine (twelve fruiting spurs × 4 eyes plus six replacement spurs × 2 eyes). The present experiment included the following nineteen treatments from the control and application of Dormex, Garlic extract and Ethephon at different concentrations and dates of spraying.1-Control (vines sprayed with water). 2-Spraying Dormex at 2 % on 4th week of Dec.3-Spraying Dormex at 2 % on 1st week of Jan.4-Spraying Dormex at 2 % on 2nd week of Jan.5-Spraying Dormex at 4 % on 4th week of Dec.6-Spraying Dormex at 4 % on 1st week of Jan7-Spraying Dormex at 4 % on 2nd week of Jan.8-Painting Garlic extract at 2 % on 4th week of Dec.9-Painting Garlic extract at 2 % on 1st week of Jan.10-Painting Garlic extract at 2 % on 2nd week of Jan.11-Painting Garlic extract at 4 % on 4th week of Dec. 12-Painting Garlic extract at 4 % on 1st week of Jan.13-Painting Garlic extract at 4 % on 2nd week of Jan.14-Spraying Ethephon at 2 % on 4th week of Dec.15-Spraying Ethephon at 2 % on 1st week of Jan. 16-Spraying Ethephon at 2 % on 2nd week of Jan.17-Spraying Ethephon at 4 % on 4th week of Dec.18- Spraying Ethephon at 4 % on 1st week of Jan.19-Spraying Ethephon at 4 % on 2nd week of Jan.Each treatment was replicated three times, one vine per each. Completely randomized block design was adopted.In both seasons, the following parameters were measured :- 1-Date of bud burst.2-Duration of bud burst in days (Bud uniformity).3-Percentages of bud burst and fruiting buds.4-Some vegetative growth characters namely main shoot length (cm.), number of leaves/ shoot and leaf area (cm2 ).5-Percentages of N, P and K in the leaf.6- Percentages of berry setting.7-Yield per vine expressed in weight (kg.) and number of clusters per vine. 8-Weight (g.) and dimensions (width and length, in cm) of cluster.9-Percentage of shot berries. 10-Some physical characters of the berries namely weight (g.), longitudinal (cm.) and equatorial of berry.11-Some chemical characters of the berries namely total soluble solids, total acidity, T.S.S. / acid and total sugars.The nearly same obtained data in both seasons could be summarized under the following main items:- 1-Date and duration of bud burst.Spraying Dormex or painting Garlic extract advanced date of bud burst and induced uniformity in bud break compared to the check and Ethephon treatments. Using Dormex surpassed painting of Garlic extract in enhancing bud burst and inducing uniformity in bud burst. Spraying Ethephon effectively delayed bud burst and prolonged the duration of bud burst compared to the check treatment. Increasing concentrations of Dormex and Garlic extract from 2 to 4 % and advancing date of application was accompanied with a gradual advancement in bud burst and inducing more uniformity in bud break. Spraying Dormex at 4 % on the fourth week of Dec. materially hastened bud burst and induced more uniformity in bud burst.2-Percentages of bud burst and fruiting buds. Percentages of bud burst and fruiting buds were positively affected by spraying Dormex or painting Garlic extract each at 2 to 4 % on the periods from the fourth week of Dec. till the second week of Jan. The increase in such two percentages was associated with increasing concentrations and advancing dates of application. Spraying Ethephon had no effect on percentages of bud burst and fruiting buds compared to the control treatment and considerably reduced such two percentages rather than Dormex and Garlic extract treatments. Application of Dormex was superior the application of Garlic extract in increasing percentages of bud burst and fruiting buds. The maximum values were recorded on the vines that sprayed with Dormex at 4 % on the fourth week of Dec.3-Some vegetative growth characters. Treating Red Roomy grapevines with Dormex or Garlic extract each at 2 to 4 % on the periods ranged from the fourth week of Dec. till the second week of Jan. was responsible for stimulating main shoot length, number of leaves per shoot and leaf area compared to the control and Ethephon treatments. The stimulation was associated with increasing concentrations and advancing dates of application. Application of Dormex was favourable in enhancing these growth characters than painting Garlic extract. Using Ethephon failed to show measurable effects on such growth characters rather than the check treatment. Spraying Ethephon at 2 to 4 % caused a considerable reduction on these growth traits compared to Dormex and Garlic extract treatments. One spray of Dormex on the fourth week of Dec. at 4 % effectively maximized these characters.4-Percentages of N, P and K in the leaf.Spraying Dormex or painting Garlic extract at 2 to 4 % in the periods from the fourth week of Dec. till the second week of Jan. caused a great accumulation on the three essential nutrients in the leaf of the vines rather than the check and Ethephon treatments. Spraying Ethephon had no effect on these nutrients compared to the control treatment and considerably reduced these nutrients rather than the Dormex and Garlic extract treatments. Increasing concentrations and advancing dates of application caused a gradual promotion on these nutrients in the leaf. More nutrients were accumulated in the leaves from vines treated with Dormex as compared with those from vines painted with Garlic extract. The maximum values were recorded on vines treated with Dormex once at 4 % on the fourth week of Dec.5-Percentages of berry setting, yield as well as cluster weight and dimensions.Spraying Dormex or painting Garlic extract each at 2 to 4 % on the periods from the fourth week of Dec. till the second week of Jan. was very effective in improving berry set, yield expressed in weight (kg.) and number of clusters per vine as well as cluster weight and dimensions rather than the check and Ethephon treatments. The promotion was associated with increasing concentrations and advancing dates of application. Application of Ethephon had no promotive effect on these parameters compared to the check treatment and reduced berry set, yield as well as cluster weight and dimensions compared to Dormex and Garlic extract treatments. Application of Dormex was preferable in improving berry setting, yield as well as cluster weight and dimension than painting with Garlic extract. The best results were recorded on the vines that sprayed with Dormex at 4 % on the fourth week of Dec. In the organic farming, it is advised to paint the buds of the vines with Garlic extract at 4 % on the fourth week of Dec.6-Percentages of shot berries.Shot berries was greatly controlled with spraying Dormex or painting Garlic extract rather than the check or Ethephon treatments. Ethephon treatments had no effect on shot berries compared to the check treatment and increased considerably this phenomenon rather than Dormex and Garlic extract treatments. The minimum values were recorded on clusters from vines treated with Dormex at 4 % on the fourth week of Dec.7-Physical and chemical characters of the berries.Spraying Dormex or painting Garlic extract each at 2 to 4 % on the periods from the fourth week of Dec. till the second week of Jan. was very effective in improving quality of the berries in terms of increasing berry weight and dimensions, total soluble solids, total sugars and total soluble solids/acid and in decreasing total acidity rather than the check and Ethephon treatments. The promotion was associated with increasing concentrations and advancing dates of application. Spraying Dormex was favourable in improving quality of the berries than painting Garlic extract. Using Ethephon failed to show material effect on quality of the berries rather than the control treatment but it considerably caused an adverse effects on quality of the berries compared to Dormex and Garlic extract treatments. Spraying the vines on the fourth week of Dec. with 4 % Dormex gave the best results with regard to quality of the berries.