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Abstract
The present investigation deals with protozoa and the
helminth parasites harboured by the reptilian hosts, Hemidactylus
turcicus, Tarentola annularis, Chalcides ocellatus and Mabuia
vittata. collected from different localities in Egypt. The reptiles
are one of the animal groups which occupy different habitats in
Egypt. Inspite of, the wide distribution of this group throughout
the different Egyptian areas, they are still underestimated from the
parasitological point of view and this may be due to the difficulty
of obtaining some species. So, the present study is constructed to
throw light upon the parasites which infect this group.This study
dealt with four species of hosts belonging to two families.
1- Family: Gekkonidae
(a) Tarentola annularis
The common names are Egyptian gecko and white-spotted
gecko; they live in deserts and desert margins west and east of the
Nile. It is a common rock dwelling species inhabiting rocky
wadis, ruins and old buildings.
(b) Hemidactylus turcicus
The common names are Turkish gecko, warty gecko and
Mediterranean gecko; Bors manzeli is the Arabic name.
The suitable localities extend throughout Egypt and Sinai, always
associated with human dwellings.
2- Family: Scincidae
(a) Chalcides ocellaus
Usually named Eyed skink, Ocellated Skink and Sehliya
daffana (Arabic name), they inhabit a wide variety of habitats
ranging from sandy deserts (under sand) to banks of irrigation
canals (under dead vegetation) in the Nile ralley.
(b) Mabuia vittata
This is the most common lizard in the Nile Valley,
distributed throughout the Nile valley and Delta. It inhabits
gardens and other green areas within towns and villages.
Five species of protozoa were collected from the reptilian
hosts under investigation; three species of blood parasites and two
species of intestinal parasites, and species of helminthes were
collected from reptilian hosts under investigation; one species of
trematodes, two species of cestodes and four species of
nematodes. The following studies were carried out:
Chapter I: General survey of parasites.
Generally the hosts under investigation revealed the
following: 126 out of 209 and 39 died before dissected hosts
were infected with one or more species of helminthes and
prevalence of infection was (60.28%. ) The prevalence of
Infection with trematodes was less than cestodes and nematodes it
was (10.04%),( 22% ),and (58.37%) respectively 118 out of 209
hosts were infected with blood parasites and the prevalence of
infection was (56.54%.).
Chapter II: In this chapter 5 species of protozoan parasites were
described belonging to 5 genera Haemogregarina, Hepatozoon,
Trypanosoma, Isospora and Entamoeba and 5 families.
Haemogregarina annularis was described from Tarentola
annularis and studied using light, scanning and transmission
electron microscopes. Hepatozoon sp. was described from
Mabuia vittata and studied using light and scanning electron
microscopes. Trypanosoma was described from Tarentola
annularis and studied using light microscopy and Entamoeba
was described from and studied by light microscopy.
Chapter III: Deals with the histopathological effects of some
parasites using light microscopy. Histopathology effects were
observed in liver, intestine, kidney and lung of Tarentola
annularis. This study revealed the following:
In the infected liver found cysticercoid of
Mesocestoides sp., massive lymphocytic infiltration around vein
and in the parenchyma, dilatation in the blood sinusoid,
haemorrhage, massive pigmention, early schizont were reported
.In the infected intestine multiple cysts each cyst represent
cysticercoid and spores in villi were described .
In the infected kidney ,massive cellular infiltration,
destruction of renal tubules and spores in the infected lung,
thicking in the alveolar wall, congestion of blood capillaries,
haemorhage in the alveolar lumen, schizont within the lining
epithelium, highly vacuolated lining cells and destruction of the
lining epithelium of the blood capillare were reported .
Chapter IV: Deals with the description of some helminth
parasites Examined reptiles showed description of one trematode,
three cestodes two mature cestodes and one cysticercoid and four
nematodes. One trematode was described belonging to family
Pleurogenidae .This was Pleurogenoides sp.
The cestode.Oochoristica crotaphytin , Oochoristica
maccoyi .And Mesocestoides tetrathyridium (metacestode)
were studied using light and scanning electron microscopy.
Four nematodes were described belonging to two families
which were Pharyngodon mamillatus linstow 1897,
Parapharyngodon bulbosus Linstow, 1899, Spauligodon
aspiculus n.sp.
Family PharyngodonidaeTravasso1919.andThubunaea Pudica
Seurat, 1914 .family Physalopterinae Stossich, 1898 .