الفهرس 
Introduction and aim of the workOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Alpha-1-adrenergic receptors are located throughout the human ureter, the physiologic response to antagonism of these receptors is decreased force of contraction, decreased peristaltic frequency, and increased fluid bolus volume transported down the ureter. These responses are likely how α-blockers assist in ureteral stone passage.
We used Semins lithotriptor in treatment of 105 patients with renal and ureteral calculi. Our aim in this study was evaluation the efficacy of alpha blocker in clearance of urinary tract after ESWL on renal and ureteral stones, decrease the time of expulsion, and decreases the occurrence of recurrent renal colic after ESWL , its efficacy on prevention of Stienstrass after ESWL and safety of this drug as adjuvant therapy after ESWL.
The study was included 105 patients whom were divided into two groups: group A: included 52 patients with renal or upper ureteral stones subjected to ESWL with taking alpha blocker (doxazosin) post ESWL, group B: included 53 patients with renal or upper ureteral stones subjected to ESWL without taking alpha blocker.
Cases with complete clearance of all fragments were considered stone free, or with fragments less than 3mm which considered insignificant is evaluated both intraoperatively under fluoroscopic guidance and post ESWL through the KUB film.
Failed cases were those which there are no expulsion of stones fragments after four session of ESWL.
Total success rate in group A&B, Stone free rate was Group (A): 92.3%, Group (B):75.4%.
Mean number of days to stone passage in group A was 7 days (93%), and 14days (72%) group B.
Stienstrass after lithotripsy was found in 3 patients (6%) in group A, and 5 patients (9.6%)in group B
-No major complications were reported .
-the success of this technique was affected by stone size,
-The difference between the success rate for group (A) and (B) was statistically significant.