الفهرس 
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Abstract
In this study, a FORTRAN program is prepared to study the behaviour of external steel columns under the effect of localised increase of temperature. This program passes through three steps, the first one is calculating the temperature distribution through the longitudinal direction of the external steel column under the effect of a fire which may happen inside the building taking into consideration many factors which affect external steel colwnn temperatures, such as, thermal load density, openings dimensions, affected structure dimensions, and external columns distances from flame and fire .In spite of the different techniques of fire safety which are usually used in steel buildings, the fire accidents still happen with an increasing br>number due to the wide use of electricity, petrochemicals and other br>inflammable materials.