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Abstract
The results indicated that field survey during 2001 /2002 season for stem rot disease in six governorate in Egypt. S. sclerotiorum was the most frequently fungi followed by R. solani , F. solani , F. oxysporium , Fusarium spp and F.moniliforme . All tested isolates of S.sclerotiorum were capable for infection and reduced the plant growth of chickpea plants . Isolates of S. sclerotiorum varied in the rate of linear growth , sclerotia and apothecia formation and differentiate into two subcluster used in amplification of DNA fragements. All isolates of S. sclerotiorum varied in mycelium compatibility test and production of oxalic acid in liquid salts yeast medium . All culture filtrates of fungal different isolates were able to reduce the seed germination and length of radical root on chickpea and exhibited symptoms and wilted chickpea cut seedling . Results indicated that all isolates of S, sclerotiorum tested were able to produce Polygalacturonase (PG) , cellulase (CX) and pectin methylestrase (PME) in culture filtrate and infected plants .Chickpea cv.Giza -2 was the highest susceptible to damping –off and stem disease while, Giza 531 cv. and Giza 88 cv. were the lowest susceptible to damping –off under greenhouse and field conditions . Seed treatment with chemical inducer ( BA, OA, Cocl2 and SA) decreased the percentage damping –off under greenhouse experiments. Seed treatmrnt with bioagents and biofungicides ( T. harzanium , Biozeid , Bio-ARC and Rhizo-N ) and Fungicides (Roveral , Shirlan , Rhizolex –T and Benlate-50 ) decreased percentage of damping – off and stem rot disease and increased in crop characters .
Key word : S. sclerotiorum , damping –off , stem rot , soil infestation , stem inoculation , linear growth and mycelium compatibil.