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Abstract
The world community has focused great attention over the past two decades
up on the question of how we can keep our environment clean without pollution.
It is well known that the management of the plant parasitic nematodes depends
mainly on the application of chemical nematicides. Management has been
achieved on high valued crops through the application of methyl bromide,
However, this fumigant is scheduled to be phased out worldwide by the year 2005
because of its implications in the depletion of Ozone in the stratosphere.
Biological control offers an alternative or supplemental management tactic to
chemical control. Interest in using natural enemies to control plant-parasitic
nematodes was stimulated with discovery of predatory nematodes (Co bb, 1920)
and nematode-trapping fungi (Linford and Yap, 1939). Shortly thereafter, a
bacterium, first described as Duboscqia penetrans (Thorne, 1940), and later
renamed Pasteuria penetrans sensu stricto (Thorne) Sayer & Starr (Sayre and
Starr, 1985) was reported parasitizing nematodes.
Since problems caused by species of Meloidogyne are common of the
developing countries, it was reasoned to attract great interest to manage this
species by different means. Many beneficial microorganisms are antagonistic to
Meloidogyne spp. (Poinar and Jansson, 1988), and application of these microbes,
or of natural compounds produced by them, could provide additional
opportunities for managing disease. Continued study should identify additional
organisms that have potential to reduce disease caused by root-knot nematode.
The first goal of the current study was to determine the ability of selected
microorganisms to affect root-knot nematode population. The second goal of this
study was to determine whether any of these organisms would be effective against
root- knot nematode (Meloidogyne spp.) when applied as a viable or as other
formula.