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Abstract
The use of the electrochemical principles for the treatment of waste water has received increased attention in recent years. This study is a comparative study between two industrial waste water treatment systems. The first system is the biological aerobic activated sludge system which is adapted in Attaka industrial waste water treatment plant, located in Attaka area in Suez City, and the second is the continuous-flow electrocoagulation system. Electrocoagulation is a process of applying a direct or alternating current and voltage of varying strength to electrodes in contact with water to be treated.
This study is accomplished during the following stages. In the first stage the main factors affecting the performance of the electrocoagulation system are studied. This conducted by studying the effects of the influent waste water flow rate, pollutants concentration, pH, conductivity and electrocoagulator current intensity. Also the retention time of the treated water with the oxidant agents produced during the electrocoagulation are investigated. from these results the best operating conditions of the electrocoagulation systems are detected.
In the second stage a comparison between the performance and the operating costs of the electrocoagulation system and the biological activated sludge system are conducted. The performance of the two systems for the removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD), ammonia, nitrite, nitrate, biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5), orthophosphate, total suspended solids (TSS), turbidity, total dissolved solids (TDS), and oil and greases from the industrial waste water are held. Also the operating costs of the electrocoagulation and the biological activated sludge systems are investigated.
In the third stage the ability of the reuse of the electrocoagulation system’s effluent in wooden forest agriculture are tested. This involved the study of the electrocoagulation treated effluent pollutants characteristics. The experimental results show that the best performance of the used electrocoagulation reactor can be achieved at influent waste water flow rate of 837 L/hr, high strength influent waste water, with the use of additional 1 m3 settling basin, pH value ≈ 8 and high influent waste water conductivity, to achieve high electrocoagulator operating current of 70 A.
Also, the results show that the pilot-scale continuous-flow electrocoagulation system performance is better than the other method. It is more economical process. The electrocoagulation system shows a better performance in the removal of all the mentioned components. The effluent of the electrocoagulation system can be used safely in the wooden forests agriculture.