الفهرس 
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Abstract
The data presented in the present dissertation could be summarized in the folloDing lines :
1- The analysis of jasninG flowera indicated 78 80 % (moisture content,) 7.6 % gluc~se, 1.8 % sucrose and 6.8 % starch and 1.95 % total nitrog~n.
2- The concrete jasmine obtained using hexane as a solvent fluctuated between 0.27 and 0.32 % in JUly and August respectively. The yield of concrete in the case of the solvent benzene varied between 0.6 % and 0.8 %.
3- The isolation of abeolute jasmine oi1 from hexane by extraction with alcohol 95 % indicated. 48_58% in July and 48 % late in the season.
4- The wax content was 33 % and 29 % in the hex~nc concrete and benzene oo~rete ~spect1vely.
The yields were 0.18 ,
O~lO, 0.04, in the first, second and third batches resspectively i.e. the total yield was 0.32 % its high grade quality was tested for by odor.
2- Tho extraction of jasmine flowers was also con-
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duceed in November at different temperatures i.e. 30,45,
50°C using commercial hexane. The superiority of low temperatures for extraction vms quite evident, in addiition the quality of the concrete is ~uite apparent in comparison with highe~ temperatures.
3- The yield of concrete increased at higher temmperatures but the quality was quite inferior and rather
4- The benzol dissolving power exceeds that of hexane and subsequently the resulting concrete would be different. The experimental work verified such a statement where the benzol concrete was greater in yield~ cu-t much darker in calor, in comparisQ.!l with the hexane
concrete. The yield of concrete of benzol amounted to 0.5 - 0.6 % in comparison with the average value 0.27 % for the hexane concrete for the flowers collected in October.
5- The percentage of absolute oil varied fron 46 to 58 % depending upon, the weather, the month of pickking flowers, the time of picking flowers, the extraction time of flowers ••• etc. In August the percenta$e of concrete obtained by extraction at room temperature (27°C) was 0.32 % wr~lo the corresponding value 0.35 % was noted at 50°C. In addition, tho percentage of absoolute oil in August was 46 % and 50 % when extraction was conducted at 50 end 27°C respectively, which indioates the damaging effect of relatively high tcwperatures.
The percentage of waxes was lligher in the concrete sampple of August at 50°C.
The percentage absolute in flowers was 0.160, 0.160, 0.160 % during July at 27°C, August at 27°C and 50°C respectively. Table 7.
G- The absolute oil from benzol concrete was unnsatisfactory since it was viscous, dark in color and
This soction decls with the chemical consti~uuents of abAolute jasmine oil isolated froD th~ concrete oil by extraction, and Somo snnples of artificial jass~1ne oil which are purchased from the market and Cairo Food, Flavour a~d Essence Company at Giza.
1- The eeter content was 35.7 % in June, 30.2 % in July, 38.1 % in August and 56.4 % in the absolute 011 extracctod from benz01 concrete. Tho absolute oil from benzene concrete is characterized by a relatively high ester number i.e. 216 correspondtng with nearl;y 60 % esters
as benzyl acetate.
2- The acetylated samples gave the ester values 53.1 %. 36.5 %, 58.6 % and 72.0 % for the oil in JUne, July, August and November.
The difference between the oster number beforo and after ncetylation could serve in an approximate
mannor in the determination of the percontage of the allcohols calculnted. 8.S the ester benzyl acetate. The diffferences onountGd to 17 %1 6 %1 2J. % and 16 % in the SaDDpIes of absolute oil col10ctoi in June~ July, August and
10 for the differenoe between the aoetylated and the fO~3ylated oil referring to a s~nll lOBS in alcohols durring acetylation. It is rather logical to state that the loss of small nmounts of alcohol due to dehydration
leads to the conclusion that the absolute oil contains
a relatively amall percentage of linalool. The differrences between the acetylated and the fo~nylnted oil in August amounts to the value 12 which i3 00mpnrable with the sample obtained in June.
The differences between formylate~ and acetyllatod absolute jasmine oil which indicates the approximate values 2.7 % and 3.3 % representmng the percentage alcoohols (as esters lost during acetylation of the samples
of absolute oil isolc.tod in June and August respe~tivel~~. It seems interesting to point Out thQt the absolute oil
In July the ester number of the forrnylated oil exceeds that of the acatylated sample of the same oil by tho value 83 which refers to n considerable loss in linuu1001 during acetylation by tho stroldard procedure.
4- Thin-layer chronatographic analysis was applied to the ausploe of absolute oil and its derivatives. The four samples contain benzyl acetate and linalool.
The three artificial sar.iples Givo.udnne, Nardin (Jasmine Booster) and Jasmine B.M~ 33/A were che~oally
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examined using the same procedures applied to the not ural
oil from which the following points must be stated
1- The percentage esters indicated the presence of benzz~yl acetate to a large extent. The use of such ester in synthetic perfumes is quite general.
2- The ester nunber after acetylation was relatively higher them the values noted with natural j aemine oil,
3- The formylntGd sa~ples of synthetic jasmine gave estter vnluos which -were slightly higher than the corressponding acetylnted samples.
4- Chro~wtogr3.pl-lic o.nalysi8 indicO-ted that the general composition of synthetic j11.8r:lil1o oiJ. which erefers to the oo.in following constltuents, benzyl alcohol benzyl acetate, linalool~ linnlyl o.cetate, benzyl benzoate, alpha terpineol and alpha terpenyl e.cotate. The bennzyl ~~d linnlyl derivatives represent the major posiition of the syntgetic perflli~G. Alpha terpineol and alpha terpinyl acetate are present in tho Givnudane oil. In addition their absence from natural jasmine oil is quite apparent.