الفهرس 
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Abstract
A polymer is a chemical substance made up of repea- Ling units, each unit being called a monomer.
polymerisation
monomers
---------> po1ymer .
Proteins (animal origin) and cellulose (plant origin) are
natural polymers, [1]. Polymers have very large molecules
comprsing hundreds or thousands of a toms formed by successive linking of one or two, occasionally more,
types of small molecules into cha Lu or network structures. The
concept of the polymer is one of the great ideas of twentieth century chemistry. 1t emerged in the ]920s amid pro Iouged controversy and its
acceptance is closely
associated with the name of Hermann Staudinger.
The influence of the polymer (or macromolecule) concept spread
raqidIy into many areas of the natura I
science and technology . In engineering a series of successes in
commeri ca l polymer synthesis establ f shod a new sector of
the lnternational chemical industry , devoted to producing
and applying polymeric materials, notably plastics and
rubbers coatings and adhesives. [2]
Engineering design, whether
building or of microelectronics, is very much a matter of exploiting the
properties of materials for practical ends.
Early in the evolution of a design solution it consideres alternative
materials in broad terms: metal or non-metal. ceramic or
polymer, ferrous or non-ferrous metal. The choices are from
general considerations of engineering properties including
cost and ease of processing and fabrication.
1.2 Statement of the problem
Because of the advantage of fibre reinforced composites
in different applications, so the problem of determining the
effect of volume f r ac t ion for these reinforcement in
composites, as one of the main problems in production of
composites, Is intensively under investigations.
This
problem aimed to be approached in the present work by
producing plates
of
fibre-glass/unsaturated
polyester-
composites, using fibre glass of E-chopped strand mat as
reinforcement, with different volume fraction, and studying
its effect on some mechanical behaviours of composite specimens.