الفهرس 
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Abstract
Nowadays, there is a general trend to return back to folk medicine using plant natural products, instead of synthetic drugs, for treating many acquired or genetic diseases to avoid the harmful or sometimes fatal side effects caused by synthetic chemicals. Therefore, the studies presented in this thesis involved phytochernical studies of one species of the genus Lactuca with the aim to identify their major chemical components. The plants of this genus were used in folk medicine, e.g. Lactuca serriola L, which is used for treatment of insomnia, neuroses, hyperactivity in children, dry coughs, whooping cough, rheumatic pain and used as antispasmodic, digestive, urination-inducing, hypnotic, narcotic and sedative properties.
The fresh plant material of the plant under investigation was collected, powdered and extracted with methylene chloride- methanol mixture (1: 1) at room temperature. The extract was fractionated by flash column chromatography on silica gel, then purified on the Sephadex LH-20, column using different eluting solvents, e.g. n-hexane, methylene chloride and methanol. The structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated using
‘H-NMR, ‘C-NMR, 2D-NMR 1H-’H, ‘H-’3C-NMR COSY, HMBC.