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Abstract
This study was carried out to examine the removal of copper from aqueous solutions by AbuTartur phosphate rock (PR) at a laboratory level, where the use of natural adsorbent such as phosphate rock to replace expensive imported synthetic adsorbent is particularly appropriate for developing countries.
The adsorption method was applied and optimum conditions for adsorption were evaluated
by changing various parameters;
• pH 2, 3, 4 and 5.12. (the pH values were chosen to avoid metal precipitation at higher pH values)
• Initial metal concentration: 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 mg Cu/i.
• Adsorbent concentration: depending on each initial copper ion concentration.
• Adsorbent particle size: <75, 112.5, 225,450 and 890 ,.Lm
• Contact time: 5, 10,20, 30,40,60 and 80 miii.
• Temperature:25±2,45±2and6O±2°C.
The study shows that copper removal from an aqueous solution depends strongly on pH. Also
the PR particle size has a significant influence on the metal uptake rate.
The adsorption capacity increases with increasing pH, adsorbent concentration and temperature (i.e. the adsorption of copper ion onto PR is an endothermic process). It is also found that the percentage adsorption decreases with increasing initial copper concentration. The equilibrium contact time was 40 mlii.
Infrared spectra analysis was used to characterize the mineralogical compositions of original and treated samples and the structural change on the sorbent after its treatment with 100 mg/i of copper (II), respectively.
The experimental work involved the determination of adsorption isotherms. The resulting adsorption data were fitted using the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms and the parameters of the equations are determined. One of these parameters was the maximum adsorption capacity of PR. It was determined as 9.615mg Cu/g PR.
The effect of PR concentration has been carried out for different copper concentrations. The data obtained from sorption isotherms of metal ions at different PR concentrations fit to linear form of Langmuir sorption equation at relatively lower copper concentrations and fit to linear form of Langmuir sorption equation at higher copper concentrations.
PR was found suitable as an adsorbent for removal of copper from aqueous solutions