الفهرس 
Aim of the studyOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Summaary
Polyunsaturated fatty acids not synthesized in the body but required for normal metabolism called essential fatty acids (EFA ), these fatty acids are linoleic (C18 : 2), linolenic acid (C18 : 3)and arachidonic acid(C20 : 4) In the last 20 years epidemiologic studies, clinical investigations, and animal experiments have expanded our knowledge of the properties of dietary fatty acids in health and disease and in growth and development. So this study aimed at studying the impact of individual or mixed plant oils (rich of linoleic acid) on blood lipids of normal rats. Two types of oils (sunflower and sesame oil) and animal fats (sheep tallow and camel fats) were the main materials of this study. The oils and fats were added to basic diets individually or mixtures as 10% of total diet. Saponification value, iodine value, acid value, were determined according to AOAC, 2000. Fatty acids content of oils and fats were estimated by HPLC and method described in AOAC, 2000. A total of 54 adult Wistern Strain white male healthy albino rats which were purchased from Helwan farm of age eight weeks old (80-100) g were used. The rats were housed individually in wire cages under hygienic conditions, in an air-conditioned animal lap at faculty of Home economics, Minoufiya University. Diets were given in a non-scattering feed cups to minimize food spoilage, water was provided to the rats by means of glass tube projecting through the wire cage from an inverted bottle supported to one side of the cage. Food and water provided ad-labitum and checked daily. The fifty-four rats were fed the basal diet for four consecutive days, and then divided into nine group (6 rats each) and fed the experimental diets for 28 days, they classified as follow: A) Control group: in which normal rats fed basal (casein based) for four weeks.) SEO group; in which normal rats fed standard diet with replacement of 10% sunflower oil with 10% sesame oil. C) SHT group; in which normal rats fed standard diet with replacement of 10% sunflower oil with 10% sheep tallow fat. D) CF group; in which normal rats fed standard diet with replacement of 10% sunflower oil with 10% camel fat.
E) SUO+SEO group; in which normal rats fed standard diet with replacement of 10% sunflower oil with 5% sunflower oil and 5% sesame oil.F) SUO+SHT group; in which normal rats fed standard diet with replacement of 10% sunflower oil with 5% sunflower oil and 5% sheep tallow fat.G) SUO+CF group; in which normal rats fed standard diet with replacement of 10% sunflower oil with 5% sunflower oil and 5% camel fat.H) SEO+SHT group; in which normal rats fed standard diet with replacement of 10% sunflower oil with 5% sesame oil and 5% sheep tallow fat.) SEO+CF group; in which normal rats fed standard diet with replacement of 10% sunflower oil with 5% sesame oil and 5% camel fat.At the end of biological experiment the animals were sacrificed under ether anaetheisied and blood samples were collected in clean dry centrifuge glass tubes. For determination of cholesterol, triglycerides, total lipid, ALT, AST, and other blood parameters. The liver, kidneys, heart, and the spleen were removed from each rat and weighed.All obtained data were statistically analyzed by SPSS computer software. The results presented as mean± standard error of mean (SEM). Significant differences calculated by analysis of variance (ANOVA) and follow up test (LSD); paired sample t-test was also used.The food intake of rats fed sesame oil (SEO); was significantly higher than other groups and group of rats fed had the lowest significant value between experimental groups. Meanwhile, food intake of (SHT + SUO) and (CF + SUO) were significantly higher than the mean value of control group. Finally, the mean value of (SEO + SHT) and control groups were nearly equals, while the mean value of (SEO+CF) was significantly higher (P< 0.01), than control and (SEO + SHT) groups.The results revealed that, the body weight gain (% BW) of sesame oil (SEO) group was nearly equals with control group, while it was significantly higher than sheep tallow (SHT) and camel fat (CF) groups (P<0.01). The value of (SUO+ SEO) group was significantly (P< 0.01) higher than other groups. Moreover, the weight gain of rats fed (SEO+SHT) was nearly equals with control group. But significant lower than (CF) group.Rats fed (10% SHT) diet had signifigantly the highest serum total lipids between studied groups. On the other hand, the serum total lipid of rats fed (10% SEO) diet was very close with control group which was significantly lower (P <0.01) than (CF) group. Moreover, total lipids of (SUO + SEO) group was significantly lower (P < 0.01) when compared with control group, while the mean value of (SUO+CF) group was significantly higher than the mean value of control and other groups. Finally, total lipids of (SEO+SUO) was significantly lower ( P< 0.01) than SEO+SHT group.Concerning serum triglycerides, the value of (SHT) group was significantly higher (P < 0.01) than control group. And (SEO) group, while the groups SHT and CF were significantly higher (P< 0.01) than control, and SEO groups. The mean value of SUO+CF was significantly lower (P<0.01) than control and (SUO+SHT) groups. Moreover, rats fed (SEO) diets had significantly the lowest (P<0.01) value between studied groups, while the rats fed (SEO+ CF) diets had significantly the highest value P < 0.01) between studied groups. Serum total cholesterol of (SEO) group was significantly higher (P<0.01), when compared with the mean value of control group. Meanwhile the mean value of total cholesterol of (SHT) and (CF) groups were nearly equals, and were significantly higher (P<0.01) than the mean values of control and (SEO) groups. Moreover, the total cholesterol of (SUO+SEO) group was significantly higher (P< 0.01) than control group. whereas the value of (SUO+CF) was significantly higher than control and (SUO+SEO) groups. On the other hand the mean value of (SEO+SHT) and (SEO+CF) groups was very close, and significantly higher than control and
(SUO+ SEO) groups>Concerning HDLc, the rats fed (SEO+CF) diets had significantly the lowest value between studied groups. On the other hand, the group of rats fed (SEO+SUO) diets had significantly the highest (P<0.01) between studied groups, generally the group of rats fed plan oils, diets elevated serum HDLc level than that groups fed animal also, the mixture of sesame with animal fats, fats diets elevated HDLc than animal fats diets only.Concerning serum LDLc, the mean value of SEO group was nearly with control group, while the mean value of (SHT) and (CF) groups were significantly higher than control and (SEO) groups SHT group. Meanwhile, the value of (SUO + SHT) group was significantly higher (P<0.01) than control and other groups. On the other hand the mean value of (SUO+CF) group was significantly higher than control and (SUO+SEO) groups. Finally, the (SEO+CF) group was significantly higher than control group, followed by (SEO+SHT) group. The histopathological examination of liver of treated groups revealed more or less the same pathological changes, but differs in the degree of severity. In relation to type of fat or oil. Since sunflower and sesame oils were better for liver than sheep tallow and camel fats.It is recommended, to avoid animal fats because of its high contents from saturated fats, moreover adding sesame oil to diets would be beneficial for human health.