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Abstract
Gastro esophageal reflux disease (GERD) is one of the most common upper gastro intestinal tract disorders in which the liquid content of the stomach regurgitates into esophagus. The liquid can inflame and damage the lining of the
esophagus, the regurgitated liquid usually contain acid and pepsin that produced by the stomach. Also may contain bile that has backed up into the stomach from the duodenum.
Acid is believed to be the most injurious component of the refluxed liquid pepsine and bile also may injure the esophagus, but their role in the production of esophageal inflammation and damage is not as clear as the role of acid. Heartburn and acid regurgitation are considered to be the cardinal symptoms of GERD. Many tests are available for evaluating patients with suspected GERD. Like interesophageal pH monitoring, barium esophagogram. Endoscopy, esophageal biopsy, gastric analysis, esophageal manometry. It’s very important to make sure diagnosis of GERD to
make maximum benefit from surgical interference. Most common complications of GERD are esophageal ulcers, esophageal strictures, hemorrhage, perforation and adenocarcinoma.
Conclusion: The standard surgical treatment is preferred over long time use of medication. Complications of reflux surgery begin in the preoperative period, with erroneous diagnosis or choice of operation for the patients many intra operative pitfalls exist, leading to immediate or delayed problems. Many of these can be avoided by a thorough pre operative evaluation, appropriate selection of patients and procedure and proper surgical technique and attention to
detailThe aim of this essay is to make a good selection of the patient to avoid the postoperative complications.