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Abstract
The spectrum of mechanical support for neonatal respiratory failure has widened substantially over the past few years .Continuous positive airway pressure Cpap and time. cycled pressure-limited intermittent mandatory ventilation iMy became the primary treatment modalities for a quarter of a century. until the technologic breakthroughs introduced hing-frequency ventilattion HFV and advanced ventilatory techniques into neonatal intensive care. philosophies of respiratory management differ widely.even in highly developed countries. Some institutions favor a very conservative approach strategies.Treatments range from the relatively noninvasive Cpap to the most invasive . extracorporeal membrane oxygenation ECMO.