الفهرس 
Introduction and Aim of The WorkOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
The aim of this work is to study the available diagnostic modalities for proptosis as regard the accuracy, safety, availability and cost in patients attending the outpatient clinic of minia university hospital.
Our conclusion proptosis is the most common presentation of the orbital diseases. Clinical evaluation including careful history taking ,local and general examination is essential for diagnosis and can guide to the further investigations to be done to confirm the clinically suspected diagnosis or to favour one differential diagnosis. clinical assessment dose not coast the patients much. Lt can be done in the out patient clinic without the use of sophisticated machines. moreover, clinical assessment dose not expose the patients to any risk of hazards.
Ct scanning has revolutionized the investigation of orbital diseases. Ct scanning in this study had the highest accuracy and the highest sensitivity among diagnostic modalities that were statistically evaluated. Ct scanning carries the risk of exposure to radiation.lt is relatively expensive. however, ct scanning is currently the primary imaging technique in orbital diseases.
Orbital echography can indicate the location, size, extend, and basic tissue type of detected orbital lesions. Lt is relatively inexpensive and considered as a safe procedure. however, echographic evaluation of orbital diseases requires specialized equipment and experienced personnel and it is of limited value in assessing lesions of the posterior orbit, the sinuses or the intracranial cavity.