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Abstract Aim of the work To determine the occurrence and significant of anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic auto antibodies (ANCA) in cases with acute post streptococcal glomerulonephritis (APSG) comparing them wioth cases of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) accompanied with systemic vasculitis and glomerulonephritis. Conclusion ANCA were detected in 14.7% of children with APSG: 60% of them showed C-ANCA and the other 40% showed P-ANCA. All cases of SLE and RA with glomerulonephritis showed ANCA in their sera. None of the healthy children showed ANCA. APSG ANCA+ve cases showed significant reduction in the renal function than APSG ANCA-ve cases. The studied cases of ANCA+ve APSG, SLE and RA did not show reasonable improvement in their renal functions after 4-8 weeks of follow up. APSG ANCA- positive cases and all SLE and RA cases still showed positive ANCA testing at follow up. We could conclude that detection of ANCA in cases of APSG may be considered as indicator for guarded prognosis and may necessitate further evaluation. |