الفهرس 
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Abstract
The problem studied in the present thesis is the effect of impermeable
layer depth on the seepage discharge below the floors of the water
structures for homogenous and non - homogeneous soils, for the steady
state conditions. The problem was studied experimentally by using the
permeability and seepage model with various soils. The study completed
by a dimensional analysis study to obtain the dimensionless parameters
which clarify the seepage variables. The effects of the sheet piles on the
seepage discharge, and the uplift pressure on the floor of the structure
were studied also. Finally the uplift pressure results were compared with
the obtained values from the Bligh’s theory.