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المستخلص
Cortisol is one of the main hormones involved in the stress response, where it increases the delivery of glucose to cells during acute and chronic stress. Cortisol also stimulates free fatty acid release from adipose tissue and amino acid release from body proteins and thus supplying energy and substrate to the body required for the response to stress. Glucocorticoids are also responsible for the normal cardiovascular reactivity to catecholamines contributing to the maintenance of cardiac contractility, vascular tone and blood pressure during stress. Brain injury whether traumatic or non traumatic was found to affect the hypothalamic pituitary adrenal axis. Some studies had reported the presence of significant adrenal insufficiency (either primary or secondary) following traumatic brain injury, a condition which result in serious complications as hypotension due to the loss of the normal physiological increase in cortisol secretion following trauma.