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Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the possible apoptotic and cytotoxic effect of gossypol on one of HNSCC cell lines (HEp-2 cell line) and to evaluate the histological changes that may occur in gossypol treated cells in comparison to untreated control cells. At the same time, the study tried to identify the optimum concentration and duration for these effects. The study utilized cytotoxicity assay as a preliminary test to identify the effect of different gossypol concentrations (25μM, 50μM, 75μM, 100μM and 150μM) over different durations (6, 24 and 48 hours) on the viability of HEp-2 cells. The DNA fragmentation assay by agarose gel electrophoresis was used as a biochemical assay to identify whether the lost viability was a result of apoptosis which is able to produce DNA laddering or a result of necrosis which is not able to produce any laddering during gel electrophoresis. The present study also depended on histological evaluation to identify the presence of morphological hallmarks of apoptosis, which offer the gold standard for definitive identification of apoptotic cells.