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Abstract
Advancements In Technologies In The Recent Ten Years Brought To The Promising Technology Of Wireless Sensor Neteorks (WSNs.)WSNs Are Networks That Consist Of A large Number Of Nodes That Communicatee Using Awireless Medium These Nodes Are Small Devices With Limited Capabilities Batteries Is Impossible In Most Cases As The Nework Is Deployed In A large Scale Usually In A Harsh Environment Therefore Techniques That Prolong Thr Nodes The Lifetime Are Required Form Network Wide Perspective A Single Node Failure May Bring The Entire Network Down So Methods That Extend The Lifetime Of The Network Are Demended. of a large number of nodes that communicate using a wireless mediwn. These nodes are small devices with limited capabilities. Batteries are used to provide the nodes with the
required power to operate their circuits. Replacement of batteries is impossible, in most cases, as the network is deployed in a large scale, usually in a harsh environment.
Therefore, techniques that prolong the nodes’ lifetime are required. from network wide perspective, a single node failure may bring the entire network down, so methods that extend the lifetime of the network are demanded.
The lifetime problem was addressed in many ways. The concept was to alter the
WSN at each layer and provide means to reduce energy consumption, hence increase the lifetime of the nodes as well as the network. An important layer to think about when studying the energy consumption is the network layer. In this layer, nodes build paths to
follow when delivering data to the BS. It is involved every time a data communication process is needed. Communication is more power demanding than computation, so efficient network layer protocols - that can reduce the amount of communicated packets
to the BS and make efficient selection and usage of communication paths - are desired.