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Abstract
In developed countries, with effective and extensive screening with Pap smears, it is usually possible to identify and treat asymptomatic precursor lesions of cancer cervix , making it nearly 100% preventable . However, five out of six women with cancer cervix live in developing countries, and 80% of them are diagnosed at advanced stages. Cytology-based screening programmes have been difficult to implement on a large- scale basis in developing countries with little impact on the incidence of cervical cancer and mortality. This has led to the development of multiple low cost technologies, one of them is visual inspection of the cervix after application of acetic acid (VIA) which would overcome the barriers posed by cytologic screening.VIA has several screening advantages : for example, minimal requirements of infrastructures and equipments and immediate result . It can be used as preliminary screening of high risk cases for referral and it can be performed by nursing sisters and trained paramedical workers . Several studies indicate that VIA has an ability nearly equivalent to or better than that of cervical cytology to detect cervical cancer precursors. Our aim was to compare the visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA) and Pap smear in the detection of cervical cancer precursor lesions. And also to detect the association of HPV and cervical cancer .