الفهرس 
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Abstract
the ideal filter is a two port network that provides perfect transmission for all frequencies in certain passband regions and infinite attenuation in the stopband regions in addition to a linear frequency response in the passband region such ideal characteristics cannot be within an acceptable tolerances. RF and microwave filters may be designed as lumped element or distributed element circuits .they may be realized in various transmission structures such as waveguides coaxial lines striplines and microstriplines .they are vital components in a huge variety of RF and microwave applications.