الفهرس 
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Abstract
partial SlIpp1L’ llll’ II[ ; ltioll wlll’al llour UII,1 with l1a llll:1I hk’IHI ; 11 levels .I,()&\)I~II
and chemical salts blend. Chemical composition, minerals content,
rheological properties, organolyptic evaluation, biological evaluation and
hislopalhologicd cxnminution were studied. TIll’ obtained results were
summarized as follow:
l-Chcmical composition of used raw materials : The chemical analysis showed that wheat flour (72%) contained
11.5% moisture, 11% protein, 1.31 %fat, 0.98% fiber, 0.50% ash, 86.21 %
carbohydrates and 400.63K.Cal/l OOg. Defatted soy flour containted
10.71% mositure, 48.61% protein, 5.35% fat, 3.16% tiber, 3.92% ash, 38.96% carbohydrates and 398.43K.Cal/l00g. Sesame contained 4.18%
moisture, 21.34% protein, 55.12% fat, 5.14% fiber, 3.81 % ash, 14.49%
carbohydrates and 639.40K.CaI/IOOg. Thyme contained 6.32% moisture,
10.21% protein , 6.17% fat, 16.13% fiber, 12.54% ash, 54.65%
carbohydrates and 314.97 K.CaIiIOOg. Cumin contained 7.15% moisture,
18.23% protein, 13.65%fat, 6. 19%fiber, 7.24% a5h,54.69% carbohydrates
and 414.53%K.Cal 100g. Coriander contained 9.33% moisture, 11.15%
protein, 15.39% fat, 23.57% fiber, 4.82% ash, 45.07% carbohydrates and
363.39K.Cal II OOg. 2-Minerals content of used raw materials : The results dernonestrated that wheat flour (72%) containing from Fe, Zn Cu and Mn were 1.86,0.98,0.82 and O.72mg/ 100g respectively. Defatted soy flour containing from Fe, Zn,Cu and Mn were 9.19 , 5.84,3.25 and 1.55mg/lOOg successively. Sesame containing from Fe, Zn, Cu and Mn Were 13.78, 9.52, I. 17and I. 26mg/l OOgrespectively. Thyme
containing from Fe,Zn, Cu and Mn were 122.36, 6.73 , l.i3 and 1.59
mg/100g respectively. Cumin containing from Fe,Zn,Cu and Mn were
53.45, 5.57, 1.49 and 1. I3mg/l OOg successively. Coriander containing
from Fe,Zn, eu and Mn were 17.41,6.19, 1.2i and r. 92mg/l OOg
rcspecti vely. 3-Rheological properties:
3.1. Farinograph test : The results declared an increase in water absorption in all blends,
this increasing was probably as a result of the higher protein content of
the blends causing greater hydration capacity. Arrival time and dough
development time increased except for chemical blend no changed.
Dough stability decreased in nataral blend at levels 3,6 and 9%. This
decrease may le due to the higher fiber content which destoryed the
gluten matrix, while chemical blend increased. Dough weakening
increased in natural blend at levels 3,6 and 9% while chemical blend
decreased when compared with control.
3.2. Extensograph test:
The data mentioned that dough extensibility decreased in all
blends. Resistance to extension decreased except for chemical blend
increased. This increasing may be to the oxidizing SH-group to S-S bonds
Sl 1~11\’l.\U\ ;\NIl t ’ONt ’U ISION
I”rlllll 1)0,.1\ Itl 1)~,21 111f:’/dI, 111’1.’:1 r:ll1l,’,l’dfl’l\llll[,l” 101:-’,1)01111-’/111 .uu] * •.
.creatinine ranged from 0.95 to,O.97 mg/dL 9_Histopathological examination:
Liver in anemic control occurred severe congestion and hemolysis.
Liver in group No.1 occurred mild to moderate congestion and hcmolysis.
Liver in group No.2 occurred mild vacular degeneration. Liver in group
No.3 occurred hemorrhage and moderate vacular degeneration. Liver in
group No.4 occurred congestion, hemorrhage and fatty change. Spleen in
anemic control occurred depletion of lymphocytes in the white pulp with \
hemosidrosis in diffuse manner allover the anemic red pulps. Spleen in
group No.1 occurred congestion, hemolysis and hernosidrosis with
normal white pulp. Spleen in group No.2 occurred well organized white
pulp with slight hemosidrosis. Spleen in group No.3 and 4 were as normal
control. Kidney in anemic control occurred hemorrhage, hemolysis and
dilatation in the renal tubules. Kidney in group No.1 occurred moderate
congestion and hemolysis. Kidney in group No.2 occurred mild
congestion without hemolysis. Kidney in group No.3 occurred mild
congestion and hemolysis. Kidney in group No.4 occurred mild
hemorrhage without hemolysis and degenerative changes in renal
epitheliums. Lung in anemic control occurred severe congestion in
peribroncheal and perialveolar blood vesseles in association with oedema.
Lung in group No.1 occurred peri alveolar congestion and emphysema.
Lung 111 group No.2 occurred very slight congestion lung in group No.3
was normal.Lung in group No.4 occurred mild congestion in perialveolar
capillaries. Heart in anemic control and group No.1 occurred hemorrhage.
Heart in group No.2 and 3 were normal cardiac muscle. Heart in group
No.4 occurred slight mononuclear cells aggregation, from this investigation it could be concluded that group No.3 of
rats which fed on 9% natural blend was the best group concerning blood
analysis and histophathological examination. Finally, the minerals intake of population who subsist on wheat flour and other cereals are often low thus, can be applied to extrapolating the finding of the study to human subject, especially in those areas where diets are marginal in nutrients and the major portion of daily caloric intake come from foods of plant origin f0100.