الفهرس 
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Abstract
This study was conducted in the farm of Medicinal
and Aromatic Plants Research Branch, Barrage, to
study the effect of isolation methods, time of cutting,
the different parts used for producing the oil and the
effect of storage on the physical and chemical properties
of sage oil (Salvia officinalis) and the effect of
time of cutting and isolation methods on the physical
and chemical properties of Southernwood oil (Artemisia
abrotanum).
The various results can be summarized as follows
A - Sage oil
1 - To study the effect of isolation methods on the physical
and chemical properties of sage oil, water
distillation, steam distillation and bexane extraction
methods were used to produce the sage oil and
the results indicated that the steam distillation
method was the suitable method to isolate the sage
oil from the herb comparatively with the other methods
under investigation due to tbe higher content
of thujone, the main component of sage oil
and the high cost involved in the extraction process.
2 - In order to study the effect of cutting time on the
physical and chemical properties of sage oil, the
oil samples were obtained in 3 times, the first in
spring before flowering stage, the second in summer
and the third in winter. The results revealed that
the oil sample obtained in winter had a good quality
than that obtained in the other times which contain
the largest amounts of thujone and the quality of
sage oil is referred mainly by its thujone content.
On the other hand, cutting set as early in the spring
before flowering stage was suitable time to give a
large amount of oil.
3 - To study the production of sage oil from the different
parts of the plant, the oil samples were obtained
from the whole flowering plants, flowering tops,
leaves and stems. It could be generally concluded
that the oil sample obtained from the whole flowering
plants was the highest quality and quantity. On
the other hand, the oil sample distilled from the
stem was a good quality.
4 - Storage of essential oils is one of the most important
factors which affect the physical and chemical
properties of these oils as well as their rate of
(b) - To study the effect of moisture. samples of oil
were stored at room temperature for 180 days in
the presence and absence of 1% moisture (w/w) and
the results indicated a noticeable change in the
presence of moisture which could be attributed to
the hydrolysis of the oil constituents.
5 - By gas chromatographic analysis. 11 components were
identified. These identified components namely:
~-pinene. B-pinene. myrcene. cineol. P-cymene.
thujone and borneol.
B - Southernwood oil
1 - In order to study the effect of cutting time on the
physical and chemical properties of southernwood
oil. the oil samples were obtained in spring and
in summer. The results revealed that the oil sample
obtained in summer had a good quality and quantity.
2 - To study the effect of isolation methods on the physical
and chemical properties of southernwood oil,
water,distillation, steam distillation and hexane extraction
methods were used to produce the oil. The
results revealed that steam distillation was suitable
to isolate the oil from the plants comparatively
with the other methods.
3 - By gas chromatographic analysis, 10 components were
identified. These identified components namely:
~-pinene, B-pinene, cineole, P-cymene, camphor, linalool,
~-terpeneol, caryophyllene, geraniol and
borneol. This study may be considered as a pioneer
in the field of this oil as there were no literature
found dealing with southernwood oil.