الفهرس 
Material and methodsOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Experiments in 8 randomized complete block system with four replicates, were carried out at the Experimentel Perm of the Paculty of Agriculture at
Moshtohor, Zagazig University. Egypt, during the seasons of 1981, 1982 and 198) to study seed germination of
different genera and species •
.Also combination of the previoWl treatments and GoA) at 0.00, 50. 100. 150 p.p.m. for 24 hoars before
sowing were conduoted Equal patches of treated seeds were sown in
15 cm pots during the first week of September of each year, while with olive this was in the lest week of
November. Soil medium consisted of 2 part sand:!1 part loam. All pots were watered up to the adequate soil
moisture needed for best germination. The second
experiment dealed with propagation by terminal, middle
portion and leaf bud cuttings of Ficus elastica var.
decors. Roxb. which were sUbjected to different treatments
of growth regulators by dipping the basal parts as followsl
A. Control (distilled water).
B. lEA treatments dipping for 10 seconds.at concentrations
of 0.00, 2000, 3000 , 4000, 4500, 5000, and 5500 p.p.m.C. Dipping in kinetin for 3 hours in concentrations at
1, 5, 10 and 15 p.p.m.
D. Dipping in kinetin for 1.5 hours in the previous concentration then followed by dipping in IBA (5000
p.p.m. for 5 seconds).The treated cuttings were inserted into sand in 20 cm c181 pots, each pot contained 4 cuttings in three replicates.
Data for seeds were recorded just after emerging, but for cuttings after ) months frOD planting.The most important results arelCassie didymobotrya, L.:
1. Q. didymobotrya, seeds are sensitive to high H.W.Tls since soaking in cold water resulted in the best
number and percentage of germination. The cause may be
attributed to injurious effects on embryo or due to
heat influence on some biochemical pathways of metabolites
needed by active embryo.
2. Incubating seeds in wet peat moss at room temperature
for 8 days gave the highest number of germinated seeds
due to the adequate supply of both moisture for imbitition
and well gaseous exchange at early stages of
germination.
3. GA) supressed seed germination of £. dldymobotrY8 due
to changing endogenous balance of hormones in seeds.
4. Chemicel analysis of seeds and seedlings indicated
that the highest percentages of indoles were coincided
wi th seeds soaked for 24 hours. No partioular relationship
was found between llA content and germination at
early stages.
5. GA) at 150 p.p.M. ohanged the content of IAA in seedling
of previous H.W.Tt L (6000), although germination percentages
did not increase.6. Cold water and H2S04 10 ~ treatments decreased
phenols and those treatments were effective on increasing germination. High germination percentage
wae always related with lower content of phenols.
7. Chemical analysis gave some particular trend showing
that exogenous treatments of seeds by H.W.T’s, H2S04 and
GAJ had influence on the content of seedlings from indoles and phenols.
Cassia S01UC8, L.: 1. H.W.T’s had thermal stresses on germination; seed of
c. go~uca :rollowed a lliridlar’ trend as £.. didymobotna•
2. Peat moss application also was the beet treatment for
better germination.
3. It seemed that Q. SGluCa,L. has non-deep dormancy
which can be overcome by some physical treatments as
soaking in cold water or inserting in wet peat moss,
H2S04 may oause injury to such seeds.
4. GA) decreased seed germination as compared to control
except at the higher concentration as 150 p.p.m.
Cassia mpdeste, L:
1. H.W.T.B. to 60°C gave the highest number end percentages
of germinating seeds by eoften1ng seed coats.2. Peat moss treatment gave similar trend as Q. dldymobotrYa
or Q. goluca this was coincided with the shortest period
for germination.
3. GA3 application at 150 p.p.m. following H.W.T’s, L.
or H2S04 stimulated seed germination as compared to control.Cassia fistula, L.I
1. For H.W.T’s the shortest period to reach maximum highest number of germinated seeds resulted from
soaking in ~.W.T, at 95°C followed by cooling. All
seeds were injured with H.W.T.I. to 95°C.2. Treating seeds with H2S04 for 30 minutes raised their
percentage of germination to 97.2 ~ compared with 12 ~
(control) and this was the best experimental treatment
including peat moss treatment. (The period needed far
maxims germination was statistically shorter as compared
with contr 01) •
3. GA3 treatments after H.W.T’8 or H2S04 had no great
influence on raising germination 8S compared to the
application of H2S04 for 30 minutes.
4. Dry seeds contained the least content of indoles 8S
7.J mg/IOO gm (D.W.T.). Contents of indoles varied
in seedlings between 7.3 to 20.8 mg/IOO gm (D.W.T), and the higher contents indicated 8 relationship
between facilitating seed germination and the increased
auxin content.
5. After germination, seedlings content of phenols was 4 times as much as in dry seeds. Application of high
concentration of GA) decreased the content of phenolic
compounds in seedlings; such relationship proved that
GA3 promotion acts through inhibiting some phenolic compounds within seeds~
Acacia farnesiana, Willdz
1. H.W.T’s gave similar trend to £. fistula although
H.W.T.R. to 95°0 did not completely injure seed viability.
2. The best germination percentage was attained by soaking
seeds for 75 minutes in H2S04•
3. The most promising effect of GA) promotion to seed
germination was noticed after H2S04 treatment for
30 .lnut as. The interac tioD of H2S04 30 lIlinuete
% GAJ 150 p.p ••• was significant.4. Chemical analysis proved that indoles had a minor role
in seed germination of !. farneslana; seedlings
contained more indoles and phenols than in dry seeds.
The contents flactueted in seedlings with no relationship
to increased germination except when GA3 was applied at high concentration as 150 p.p.m. indoles increased.
5. H2S04 and GAJ or their combinations had decreased phenols in seedlings especially with treatments which
produced relatively higher percentages of germination.Hence, phenols showed a role in germination of !. farneslana.
Acacia arabica, Willd:
1. H.W.T’s-L. at 95°0 reflected on the rupture and softening
seed coat layers of !. arablce. resulting in 57.2 %
compared to 8 % with control.
2. Dipping seede of A. erabica in concentrated H2S04 far
45 minutes resulted 1n the highest number of germinated
seeds.). Incubating seeds of !. arabica in wet peat moss gave
comparatively good results.
4. The best treatment of GA) which gave the highest peroentage of germination was GA) at 100 p.p.m. following
H2S04 (45 minutes) treatment.
5. A positive relationship showed that treatments which increased germination were the same which decreased
phenols content in seedlings.
6. H2S04 decreased contents of both indoles and phenols
in seedlings compared to controls, GA) had a definite
role on increasing seed germination of !. arabica when
the application follow 8 previous treatment which facilitate
water absorption.europaea, L.
1. H.W.T’s and H2S04 and peat moss treatments have not
to be practised for the germination of Olive seeds.2. Both treatments of sodium hydroxide (10 %) for 5 minutes
and sodium carbonate (5 ~) for 6 hours gave significant11
the highest number of germinated seeds for both cva.
). Sodium carbonate gave the most rapid germination. 4. GAJ at 150 p.p.m. following H.W.T’s raised seed
germination which was still lower thaD sodium hydroxide and carbonate treatments. 5. No relationship was found between indoles and phenols
contents in olive seedlings and germination.Ficus elastica var. decors, Roxbz 1. The best results for rooting terminal cuttings were
application of lEA at 5500 p.p.m. for 10 seconde or
kinetin at 5 p.p.m. for 3 hrs or kinetin 15 p.p.m. for
1.5 hrs x lEA 5000 p.p.m. for 5 seconds.
2. The middle portion cuttings need to be treated with
lEA at 5500 p.p.m. for 10 seconds, kinetin at 5 p.p.m.
for 3 hrs or kinetin 10 p.p.m. for 1.5 brs x IEA 5000
p.p.m. for 5 seconds.
3. As far leaf bud cuttings, the successful rooting can
be fulfilled by using IBA at 2000 p.p.m. for 10 seconds,
kinetin ~ p~p.m. for 3 bra. or kinetin 10 p.p.m. for 1~5
bra :z: IBA 5000 p.p.m. far 5 second.
Chemical analysisl
In conclusion growth regnlaters have great effects
on changing biochemical substances since kinetin increased
chlorophyll content and permitted more photosynthesis.