الفهرس 
Material and methodsOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
The present investigation was conducted .dunng two successive
seasons of 1994/95 and 1995/96 at the Experimental Station of the Faculty
of Agriculture at Moshtohor, Zagazig University Benha Branch. The
Experimental designs were in complete randomized block system. Three
main experiments were conducted to study the effect of tartaric acid, aloe
extract on seed germination, vegetative growth, tlowering and chemical
composition. of Delphinum ajacis, L. 2- Antirrhinum majus J- Calltstephus
chinensis; .: Also, the study included the effects of Paclobutrazol,
Ancymidol and pinching on the vegetative growth, flowering, root system and chemical composition in the leaves.The first experiment
This experiment was aimed to study the effect of Aloe extract at 25, 33.3,
50 or 100 °/0 and Tartaric acid at 2 or 4 °/0011 the seed germination under
the Lath house (green house) or laboratry room temperatures ..
The second expe.-iment
In this experiment, the study concerned the effects of aloe extract or
Tartaric acid at different concentrations on the vegetative growth,
flowering and chemical composition
The third experiment
This experiment concerned the study the effects two growth retardants
(PP-333, A- Rest) applied as sprays at different concentrations 0, 25 and
50 ppm andy a~pinching treatment on the bJfo~h, flowering, root
system and chemical compositions and pinching treatment.
\The most importanr results obtained were:
The first experimental
1-Delphinum ujacis, L.
- Soaking seeds on aloe extract at 100, :’3.3 °/0 concentrations increased
germination percentage comparing by control I and 2.
- Soaking seeds on aloe extract at 100,33.3 % concentrations gave the
highest germination percentage as I00 °10 in petri dishes and clay pots.
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_ Soaking seeds on Tartaric acid at 4 % concentrations gave the maximum
gennination percentage as 100 % in petri dishes but decreased genllination
percentage in clay pots.
_ Soaking seeds in aloe extract at 25, 50 % concentrations gave the
maximum rate of gennination.
_ All treatments of aloe extract and Tartaric acid at 4 % concentrations
gave the maximum rate of germination in petri dishes and clay pots.
2- Antirrhinum majus, L.
-Soaking seeds on aloe extract at 50, 100 % concentrations gave the
highest gennination percentage in petri dishes and clay pots comparing by
control.Soaking seeds on Tartaric acid 2, 4 % decreased the percentage of
germination in both seasons.
-Soaking seeds on aloe extract and Tartaric acid had no iuflunced on the
rate of gellnination.
3- Cauistepnus chlnensls, L.
-Soaking seeds on aloe extract at 50, 100, 25 % concentrations
significantly increased the gennination percentage as copmpared to the
other treatment in petri dishes and clay pots.
-Soaking seeds on Tartaric acid at 4 % gave the minimum genmnation
percentage in both seasons of petri dishes and clay pots.
_ Soaking seeds 011 aloe extract at 50, 100 °A, cOIH.:entratiollsgave faster
emerging compared with the other treatments. The second experimental
1- Delphinum ajacls, L.
A- 1- The vegetative growth characteristics of the seedlings from the soaked seeds.
-Aloe extract at 50, 100, 25 o!~concentrations significantly increased the
length of plant comparing by control.
-Tartaric acid at two concentration (2,4 °lll) gave the shortest plants.
-All concentration of aloe extract significant increased the Humber of
branches/plant especially at 50 or 100 0/0.
-Tartaric acid at (2 or 4 0/0) and control plants gave the minimum number
of branches/plant.
-Aloe extract at 100 or 50 ~/O increased the fresh and dry weights of kayes.
_Tartaric acid at 2 or 4 % produced the least fresh and dry weights of
leaves in both season.
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-Aloe extract at 100, 50 % significant increased the leaf area while
Tartaric acid at 2 % and control decreased the leaf area in two season.
A-2- The flowering characteristics:-
-Aloe extract at 100 % gave maximum length of stalk comparing to other
concentration. While Tartaric acid at 4 % gave the shortest length of spike
stalk in both seasons.
-Aloe extract at 100, 50 % significantly increased the number of
florets/spike comparing to other treatments. While Tartaric acid at :2 % or control plant reduced the number of florets/spike.
-Aloe extract at 100 and 50 % significant increased the length of
inflorescences portion while Tartaric acid at 4 % significant reduced the
length of inf orescences portion/ stalk.
-All concentrations of aloe extract significantly increased the fresh weight
of florets/plant especially at 50 or 100 % concentrations. While Tartaric
acid at 4 % significant decreased the fresh weight of florets/plant.
A-3- Chemical compositions:-
-Aloe extract at 50 or 1000/0 significantly increased the total carbohydrate.
While Tartaric acid at 2 or 4% significantly decreased the total
carbohydrate content.
-Aloe extract Cit 100% significant increased the N%, POlo and K%L While
Tartaric acid at (2 or 4%) reduced the N%, P% and K%. 2- Antirrhinum majus, L.
B-I- The vegetative growth characteristics
-Aloe extract at 50 and 100 % significantly increased plant height while
Tartaric acid at (2 or 4 %) reduced plant height in both seasons.
-Aloe extract at :13.3 % signituicanrly increased the number of
branches/plant compared by control.
-All treatments gave the same tend in this the fresh and dry weights of
leaves F. and dry weight were Bot affected by the treatments.
-Aloe extract at 100 and 50 % significant increased the leaf area, while Tartaric acid at 4 ’Yo significantly reduced the leaf area.
8-2- The flowering characteristics»
-Aloe extract at 100 or 50~/~ significantly increased the length of stalk,
while Tartaric acid at 2 or 40/0 suppressed the length of the stalk.
-Aloe extract at 50 or 100% statistical significantly increased the length of
the inflorescences portion/stalk.
-The fresh weight of florets/plant was not influenced by the treatments.
-3- Chemical compositions:-
-Aloe extract at 100 and 50 % significantly increased the total
carbohydrate percent, while Tartaric acid at 2 or 4 % significant decreased
the total carbohydrate percent.
-Aloe extract at 100 or 50 % significantly increased the N% and P%
percentage, while Tartaric acid at 2 or 4 % significantly reduced the N 0/0
and P % percent.
-Aloe extract at 100 % significantly increased the K%, while Tartaric acid
at 4 % significantly decreased the K % percent.3- Callistephus cltinensis, L.
C-I- The vegetative growth characteristics
-Aloe extract at 100 and 50 %1 had statistically significant increases on the plant height, while Tartaric acid at 2 or 4 % significant reduced the plant height.
-Aloe extract at 100 or 50 % significantly increased the fresh and dry weights of leaves/plant.
-Aloe extract at 100% significantly increased the leaf area, while Tartaric
acid at 2 % decreased the leaf area.
C-2- The flowering characteristics»
-Aloe extract at 100 or 50 % significatly increased the number of flower head. Aloe extract at 100 % increased the length of the flower stem.
-Aloe extract at 100 % and control plants gave the largest diameter of the
flower head.
-Aloe extract at 25 and 100 % Pf”Aduced the heavy fresh weight of the
head. While control plants and Tartilric acid at 2 or 4 % reduced the fresh
weight of the head fplant.
C-3- Chemical compositions:-
-Aloe extract at I00 ~’O increased the total carbohydrate percent, while
control plants gave least value comparing by Tartaric acid treatments.
-Aloe extract at 50 or 100 % significant increased the Nand P % percent.While Tartaric acid reduced them
-Aloe extract at 100 and 33.3 ~o significant increased the K %, in the
leaves, while control plants gave the least K 0/0.
The third part:-
1- Delphinum ajacis, LA-
I- The vegetative growth characteristics
-A-Rest at 50 ppm and PP-333 at 25 ppm significantly reduced the plant
height comparing to the other treatments.Pp·333 at 25 ppm increased stem the diameter significantly compared
with control in the first season.
-A-Rest at 25 ppm increased the number of branches plant compared with
control.P-333 and A-Rest reduced the fresh and dry weights of leaves
significantly compared with pinching or control.
A-2- The flowering characteristics.-
A-Rest and PP-333 at 50 ppm increased the number of stalk/plant in the
two seasons comparing with control.
-Pinching PP-333 at 25 and A-Rest at 50 ppm reduced the length of stalk
and the length of intlorescences/protation compared with control.
-PP-333 and A-Rest increased the number of florets/spike especially, ARest
at 50 ppm compared to control.
-PP-333 at 25 ppm, A-Rest at 50 ppm and pinching reduced the fresh and
dry weights of florets.
A-3- Root characteristics:-
-PP-333 at 25, 50 ppm and pinching gave the maxunum length of
root/plant.
-PP-333 and A-Rest at 25 ppm decreased the fresh and dry weights of
roots, while A-Rest at 50 ppm a.id pinching increased the fresh and dry
weights of roots.
A-4-Chemical cempositiunsr-
-PP-333 and A-Rest reduced chlorophyll a, band caroteuoides content
comparing to pinching, control.
-PP-333 ana A-Rest increased total carbohydrate percentage and the Nand
P%.
-PP-333, A-Rest and pinching increased the K % in both season especially
with 25 ppm of PP-333 concentration.
2- Antirrhinum majlls, L.
8-1- The vegetative growth characteristics
-PP-333 or A-Rest decreased the plant height in buth seasons, while PP-
:Bl at 50 ppm gave the shortest plant.
&5
-All PP-333 or A-Rest treatments increased the diameter of the stem
significantly especially at the 50 ppm concentration.
-PP-333 at 50 ppm increased the number of branches A-Rest at 25 ppm
gave the maximum number branches/plant followed by PP-333 at 50 ppm
comparing to control in the second season.
-A-Rest at 25 or 50 ppm produced the least fresh and dry weights of
leaves/plant in both season.
-PP-333 or A-Rest increased the leaf area especially at 50 ppm
concentration in the first season, while PP-333 at 25 or 50 ppm
significantly increased the leaf area in the second season comparing to
control.
8-2- The flowering characteristics»
-PP-333 or A-Rest significantly increased the number of stalk/plant
compared in both seasons. PP-333 at 25 ppm was the best concentration
for flowering.
-PP-333 at 50 ppm, A-Rest at 50 ppm reduced the length of stalk/plant and
the length of inflorescens portion.
-PP-333 at 50 ppm increased number of florets/spike significantly by
27.34, 25.81 compared to 17.67,20.09 respectively tor control in both
seasons.
-PP-333 at 25 ppm and A-Rest at 50, 25 ppm increased the number of
florets/spike comparing control.
-PP-333, A-Rest and pinching significantly increased the tresh weight of
flower compared to the control, PP-333 had more cfgfect compared to ARest
or pinching.
-A-Rest at 50 ppm gave the heaviest dry matter of tlorets/plant in the first
season. while PP-333 at 50 ppm gave the maxunum dry weight of
florets/plant as compared to control.
B-3- Root characteristics:-
-Pinchiug treatments increased the length of roots as compared control
plants. PP-333 at 50 ppm or A-Rest at 25 ppm gave the next value in this
concem.
-PP-333 at ””25 or 50 ppm” and A-Rest at 25 ppm reduced fresh and dry
weights of roots compared to control in both seasons. The pinching
treatment gave the least fresh and dry weights of roots/plant in both
seasons.
8-4- Chemical cumpesitiens.-
-PP-333 at 25 ppm was increased chlorophyll a and b couteut followed by
PP<~33 at 50 ppm in both seasons.
-A-Rest at 50 ppm increased the carotenoids content, PP-333 at 25 ppm
gave the next value in this coucern.
-All treatments did not influence the total carbohydrate percentage in both
seasons.
-PP-333 at ~o ppm was increased N% while A-Rest at 15 ppm raised the
N% in the second season compared to control.
-All treatments increased the KO/o as compared to control, especially with
PP-333 at 50 ppm which gave the highest value.
3~Callistephus chinensis, L.
C-I- The vegetative growth characteristics
-All treatments decreased the plant higher compared to the control. The
shortest plants length resulted from PP-333 at 25 ppm, the decreasing in
the plant height was significant. In the first season A-Rest at 25 or 50 ppm
increased the stem diameter. The influence was significant in the first
season and not significant in the second one.
-PP-333 at 50 ppm gave the maximum number of branches/plant as
comparing to control plant.
-PP-333, A-Rest and pinching treatment had reduction the effects on the
fresh and dry weights of leaves/plant as compared to control in both
seasons.
-PP-333 or A-Rest significantly increased the leaf area as compared to
pinching or control.
C-2- The flowering characteristics:-
-PP-333 at 50, 15 ppm increased the number of stalks and heads as
compared to control.
-The length of the stalk significantly decreased when the plants were
treated with PP-333 or A-Rest and pinching as compared to control.
-A-Rest at 25 pppm or pinching treatment gave the big diameter of flower
heads, PP-333 at 50 ppm produced the small diameters of flower heads.
-PP-333 at 50 ppm had increased the fresh and dry weights of tlower
heads/plant as compared to control, while PP-.:rn at 25 ppm or A-Rest at
25 or 50 ppm and pinching treatments significantly decreased the fresh and
dry weights.
C-3- Root characteristics:-
-PP-333 or A-Rest and pinching treatments significantly decreased the
length of root in both seasons as compared to control.
-PP-333 at 50 ppm gave the heaviest fresh and dry weights of foots in both
seasons, while A-Rest at 25 ppm gave the second value in this concern.
The pinching treatments gave the least fresh and dry weights in both
seasons. The differences were statistically significant in both seasons.
C-4- Chemical compositions:-
-PP-333, A-Rest and pinching treatmentrs increased the chlorophyll a, b
and carotenoides content as compared to control especially with the low
cioncentrations.
-PP-333 at 50 ppm increased the total carbohydrate 0/0. A-Rest at 50 ppm
reduced total carbohydrate.
-In both seasons, PP-33J at 50 ppm increased N ~;., in the leaves
comparing with other treatments.
-All treatments had no effects on P %.
-K % in the leaves increased by any application of PP-J33, A-Rest and
pinching treatment. The high percent of K % was noticed with PP-333 at
2} ppm.