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Abstract
Research finding across the globe using diverse animal models and in vitro cell culture systems suggest the toxic metals cause deleterious effects on multiple organ systems.
Epidemiological studies have established positive association between chronic exposure (occupational or environmental) to these metals and
adverse health effects (Bernard, 2008).
The WHO health report on ” reducing risks, promoting healthy life ” identified environmental and occupational exposure to toxic chemicals as one of the major risk factors for increasing health burden across the world ( WHO , 2002 ) .
Effects of environmental toxins on human health depend on route of exposure of the toxin e.g. ingestion, inhalation or dermal absorption, and also body response to toxin exposure to render them harmless which is done in the liver through detoxification
(Boari, 1985).
There is a debate nowadays on the relation between different pollutants and their effect on the liver from non-specific elevation of liver enzymes up to malignancy (Klaunig and Kolaja, 1998).
Liver affection by environmental chemicals and physical agents is either liver toxicity which is acute, chronic toxicity,or carcinogenicity (Tchounwou and Wilson, 2001).
Many recent studies tried to clarify the relation between exposure to some environmental pollutants especially pesticides and insecticides, and increase incidence of hepatic malignancy in either previously diseased liver or healthy one (Vogel et al., 2001).
Chemicals produce a wide variety of clinical and pathological hepatic injury. Biochemical markers (i.e alanine transferase,alkaline phosphatase and bilirubin) are often used to indicate liver damage (Mumoli et al., 2006).