الفهرس | Only 14 pages are availabe for public view |
Abstract The experiments were conducted in the Experimental Farm of the Faculty of Agriculture at Moshtohor, Zagazig University Benha Sector, during the Years 1982 - 1984. The experimental design was in complete randomised block system with four replicates. The aim of this study was growing carnations out doors by practicing some different horticultural treatments (Planting date, Planting distance and Supporting). Also, it was important to study the effects of some cytokinins as PBA and NBA alone or combined with GA3 on the growth and flowering qualities of cut flower carnations. The first experiment involved the propagation critaria and some horticultural practices as planting date - planting distance and methods of supporting carnations. The second experiment concerned studying the effects of spraying different concentrations of two cytokinins namly PBA and NBA alone or combined with GA3 on the growth and flowering of carnations and the anatomical changes in caranations. The most Important Results are Summerized in the Following: 1- Application of lBA at 300 ppm. followed y application of PBA at 100 ppm. produced 100 % rooted cuttings. 2- lBA gave better results than IAA. 3- The results showed that September planting increased the number of branches and flowers per plant and improved flower quality, while June planting gave earlier and longer period of flowering which is preferable for local and forgein market supply of flowers during October and November. 4- The results of spacing showed that the density of 30 plants/m2 was associated with the highest flower production per unit area and the lowest number of flowers per plant. Density did not affect flowers quality. 5- The density of 15 plants/m2 could be advised for the best quality of Siro carnation in Egypt especially for the exportation during winter. 6- The highest percentage of dry matter of leaves, stems and flowers was attained from 7 and 10 plants/m2• 13- GA3 alone gave a promising effects on the number of branches, flowers and length of internodes and flower stems of carnation compared to control. 14- GA3 at 100 ppm. before or after PBA at 50 ppm. was the best combination for both growth and flowering of carnation plants and increased the fresh weights of leaves and flower stems as well as stem length. 15- GA3 at 100 ppm. before PBA at 150 ppm. increased the diameter of carnation flowers. 16- GA3 at 100 ppm. before or after NBA at 150 ppm. gave the tallest flower stems. 17- GA3 increased the dry matter percentage but the cominbations of GA3 with the cytokinin decreased it in the leaves compared to GA3 alone. 18- GA3 slightly decreased the carbohydrate percentage. 19- GA3 applied before PBA at 100 and 150 increased the carbohydrate percentages. 20- GA applied after PBA at all concentrations decreased the carbohydrate percentage. 21- The anatomical studies showed that cytokinins as PBA and NBA stimulated cell enlargement especially the epidermal and cor1ex cells of the 4th node and increased crystals formation and development in most tissues For better production of cut flowers carnation the base of cuttings are immersed in lBA 300 ppm. + PBA at 100 ppm. for increasing the rooting of cuttings. The plants should be transplanted in June with proper methods of shadding. Fifteen pa1nts/m2 is a suitable planting distance and the new method of supporting carnation with wire mesh could be adviced and the plants may be sprayed two times at month intervals with GA3 at 100 ppm followed with 50 ppm of PBA for the highest flower yield. |