الفهرس 
Material and methodsOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
SUMMARY
The present investigation was carried out to get some
information about the behaviour of fodder beet plant as a
new introduced crop under Egyptian conditions, with respect
to the effect of some macronutrients either soil or foliar
application and some specific growth regulators.
Thereafter, three field experiments were conducted at the
Experimental Farm, Faculty of Agriculture, Moshtohor,
Kalubia Governorate during the two seasons 1992/1993 and
1993/1994.
The first experiment aimed to study the effect of
nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium as soil application,
each alone or in combination. In the first season, N, P and
K were added at: 30, 60 & 90kg N/fed.; 15.50 & 23.25kg
Pz
05/fed. and 48, 72 & 96kg KzO/fed., respectively. In
addition, a control treatment (no fertilizers) was carried
out. In the second season, elements were added at: 0, 60 ,
90 & 120kg N/fed. and 0, 96 & 120kg KzO/fed., while P
fertilizer was excluded as it was found that P treatments
had no effect during the first season.
The second experiment aimed to study the influence of
nitrogen and potassium as foliar application, each alone or
in combination . In the first season, two sources of N were
used: ammonium nitrate 33.5%N) and urea ( 46%N ) at
three concentrations of each ( 0, 500 and 1000ppm ), while
K was sprayed at three concentrations 0, 500 and
1000ppm) in the form of potassium sulphate 52%KzO) .
Plants were sprayed three times when aged 60, 75 and 90
days. In the second season, another group of plants were
sprayed with the same concentrations used in the first one
but sprayed four times when plants reached 60, 75, 90
and 105 days.
The third experiment aimed to study the effect of two
growth regulators, i.e, GA3 and NAA, each alone or in
combination. In the first season, GA3 and NAA were sprayed
twice when the plants aged 60 and 81 days at the
concentrations of 0, 100, 200ppm and 0, 25, 50ppm,
respectively. In the second season, spraying took place at
the age of 60, 81 and 102 days with the concentrations of
0, 100, 200, 300ppm and 0, 25ppm for GA3 and NAA,
respectively.
Agricultural practices were completed according to the
usual methods being adapted for such crop.
The obtained results may be summerized as follows
Experiment I:
1. Root length of fodder beet plant was significantly
increased as nitrogen and potassium increased, where the
treatment of 90kg N/fed. and 96kg K20/fed. gave the
highest value of root length.
2. The highest values of root diameter were gained from the
treatments of 90kg N + 96kg K20/fed. followed by l20kg N
+ l20kg K20/fed. at either 15.50 or 23.25kg p20s/fed.
without significant differences between them.
3. Most factors under study affected slightly root length /
diameter ratio but the treatments of zero or 60kg N +
120kg K20/fed. gave the highest value of such ratio.
204
4. The application of 90kg N/fed. and 96kg KzO/fed. each
alone increased significantly number of leaves over the
other treatments at most sampling dates except at the
last one.
5. Total leaf area/plant was significantly increased under
the treatments of 90kg N +96kg KzO/fed. or l20kg N +
120kg KzO/fed. during most growth periods.
6. Increasing rates of N or K stimulated greatly the
accumulation of dry matter in roots especially during
later periods. The treatments of 90kg N + 96kg KzO/fed.
followed by 120kg N + l20kg KzO/fed.··gave significantly
the highest vlues of root dry matter.
7. The maximum leaves dry matter was gained under the same
treatments observed with root dry matter.
8. Dry matter of whole fodder beet plant showed a similar
trend to that observed either in roots or leaves.
9. Leaves dry matter proportion of fodder beet was higher
during the earlier periods of growth, then decreased
continuously till the harvesting time, while the
opposite trend was true with root. The application
of macronutrients affected the accumulation of dry matter
and its redistribution within plant organs.
lO.Root, foliage and total yields (either fresh or dry
weight (ton/feddan) were significantly increased with
increasing Nand K levels. The maximum yields were
produced from the treatments of 90kg N +96kg KzO/fed.
followed by 120kg N + l20kg KzO/fed. comparing with any
other treatment without significant differences between
them.
II.Soil application of nitrogen either alone or in
combination with potassium increased nitrogen content of
root, leaves and whole fodder beet plant. The highest
values of nitrogen content of different plant organs as
well as whole plant were recorded with the application
of 90 or 120kg N/fed. + 120kg K20/fed.
12.Phosphorus content of root, leaves and whole plant was
increased by N applied with K, and the highest values
were recorded with the addition of 96kg K20/fed. in
combination with 90 or 120kg N/fed.
13.Soil application of potassium either alone or in
combination with nitrogen caused an increase of
potassium content in root, leaves and whole plant. The
highest values of K content in different plant organs as
well as whole plant were observed under the treatments
of I20kg K20/fed. + 90 or 120kg N/fed.
14.Both elements increased the accumulation of sugars in
root and leaves as well as whole fodder beet plant.
Increasing N levels up to 90kg N/fed. and K levels up to
120kg K20/fed. caused an increase in total sugars
content, while a slight decrease occurred with the level
of 120kg N/fed.
IS.Total carbohydrate content showed a similar trend to
that observed with total sugars, where the highest
values were recorded with the application of 90kg N + 96
or 120kg K20/fed.
16.Fodder beet root had higher proportion of carbohydrates
than the corresponding one during growing seasons except
at the first period. Both Nand K affected the
distribution of carbohydrates between root and leaves.
Experiment II:
1.Spraying fodder beet plants 4 times with Nand K
increased significantly root length. The highest values
of root length were gained under the treatments of
lOOOppm K + lOOOppm N either in the form of ammonium
nitrate or urea with spraying 4 times.
2.Root diameter was significantly increased by spraying
fodder beet plant with N alone or in combination with K.
The highest values of root diameter were recorded when
plants were sprayed 4 times with K at lOOOppm + urea-N or
ammonium nitrate-N at lOOOppm at most sampling dates.
3.Different sprayed elements each alone affected slightly
root length/diameter ratio but the interaction among them
revealed a significant effect on such ratio, where the
highest values were recorded with the plants which didn’t
receive either N or K at most sampling dates.
4.The application of Nand K affected significantly number
of leaves/plant. The plants treated 3 or 4 times with any
source of N at lOOOppm and K at lOOOppm had the highest
number of leaves/plant.
5.Leaves area/plant was significantly affected by t~e
application of both Nand K. The most pronounce.)
concentrations were lOOOppm N as urea followed by lOOOr~~
N as ammonium nitrate and lOOOppm K, where the highlj
significant values of such character were gained undc~
these treatments.
6.Foliar application of N or K stimulated the
accumulation of root dry matter especially during later
periods. Foliar application of 1000ppm N either in the
form of urea or ammonium nitrate + 1000ppm K increased
significantly root dry matter content. Moreover, such
increase was maximized when fodder beet plants were sprayed
4 times compared to those sprayed 3 times only.
7.The maximum dry matter of
plants were sprayed 3 or 4
combination with K at lOOOppm.
leaves was g ined when the
times with at lOOOppm in
B.The trend of whole plant dry matter was as similar as
that observed with either root or leaves.
9.Foliar application of N alone or in co ination with K
affected significantly forage yield fresh or dry
weight. The maximum yield was produced : plants
sprayed 4 times with N at 1000ppm either u~ea or ammonium i
nitrate + K at 1000pprn.
lO.Foliar application of N alone or in co~ination with K
increased nitrogen content of root, leaves and whole
fodder beet plant. The plants sprayed with N at lOOOppm
and K at 500 or 1000ppm had higher val~es of nitrogen
content in comparison with that of plants,sprayed with N
and K at the other concentrations.
ll.Spraying fodder beet plants 3 or 4 timelswith any of N
sources at any concentration caused an increase In
phosphorus content of root, leaves anp whole plant.
Meanwhile, K application at 1000pprnincrdased phosphorus
content of different plant organs.
12.Potassium content of root and leaves as well as whole
plant was increased by the application of Nand K. The
plants sprayed 4 times with K at lOOOppm alone or in
combination with urea-N at 500 or 1000ppm or with
ammoniwnni trate-N at 1000ppm had higher potassium content
of different plant organs.
13.Both Nand K at any concentration enhanced the amount of
sugars. The most pronounced concentrations were 500 or
lOOOppm N-urea or lOOOppm N-ammonium nitrate and lOOOppm
K.
14.Sirnilar trend of poly-saccharides were observed as that
found with the effect of Nand K.
lS.Total carbohydrate content followed the same trend of
total sugars with respect to the effect of Nand K.
Experiment III :
1.The application of GA3 at different rates stimulated
significantly the elongation of root comparing with the
control during the third and fourth periods, while NAA
affected such character during the third growth period
only.
2.Spraying fodder beet plants with GA3 or NAA gave a
significant increase in root diameter over the control at
most sampling dates in both seasons.
3. GA3 at 100
slightly the
control.
or 200ppm and NAA at 25 or SOppm declined
root length/diameter ratio compared to the
4.Fodder beet plants sprayed with GA3 at the used levels
had higher number of leaves per plant than those didn’t
receive s~ch substance during most growth periods.
However, NAA affected such trait in the first season
only. The stimulative effect of GA3 on leaves production
was more pronounced with the concentration of lOOppm.
5.Leaves area/plant was gradually increased by time up to
151 days after sowing, then decreased. Both GA3 and
NAA at any adopted concentration stimulated such
character in the second season. The most pronounced
concentrations were found to be 100ppm GA3 and 25ppm NAA.
6.Dry matter of root, leaves and whole fodder beet plant
was enhanced by the application of GA3 and NAA at any
concentration. The most effective concentrations were
found to be 100ppm GA3 and 25ppm NAA.
7.Leaves comprised the main dry matter content at earlier
stage of growth, then gradually decreased till the end of
the season. The reverse trend could be concluded for
root. Fodder beet plant sprayed with GA3 and NAA had
slightly the higher proportion of root dry matter content
than that didn’t receive such substances.
8.Fodder beet yield as fresh or dry weight was increased by
the application of GA3 and NAA at the adopted
concentrations. The most pronounced concentrations were
100ppm GA3 and 25ppm”NAA.
9.Fodder beet plants sprayed with GA3 at lOOppm and NAA 3t
25ppm had higher nitrogen content of roots, leaves3r.d
whole plant than those sprayed with such substances ~r
any other concentration. Both substances accelerated :::.~210
accumulation of nitrogenous compounds in fodder beet
plant.
lO.GA3 and NAA acceleratedthe absorption of phosphorus by
fodder beet plant. The most pronounced concentrations of
GA3 and NAA were lOOppm and 25ppm, respectively.
11.Fodder beet
content to
phosphorus.
plants had a
that observed
similar trend of potassium
with either nitrogen or
12.Both substances increased the accumulation of sugars in
root and leaves as well as the whole plant. The highest
total sugars content was gained from the application of
GA3 at lOOppm and NAA at 25ppm.
13.Spraying fodder beet plant with GA3 or NAA stimulated
the accumulation of carbohydrates in the various plant
parts. The most effective concentrations were lOOppm GA3
and 25ppm NAA.
14.The used substances (GA3 or NAA) affected the
distribution of carbohydrates between root and leaves.