الفهرس 
الباب الاوليوجد فقط 14 صفحة متاحة للعرض العام
 |  | from | 253 |  |  |
| | | from | 253 | | |
المستخلص
There have been several reasons for farmers’ wrong conducts in
dealing with agricultural environment. Among those wrong conducts: (1)
availability of wrong behavior types and (2) ignorance of proper practices
that lead to agricultural natural resource depletion, and pollution that reflect
its impacts on both humans and agricultural production, in general.
Most of agricultural extension work emphasizes and devotes most of
its efforts to raise agricultural productivity efficiencywithout taking care of
preserving natural agricultural resources in addition, deficiency of those
conducted studies in dealing with agricultural soil and irrigation water
conservation with the main concern of preventing their depletion and
pollution. Therefore, it was necessary to conduct this study in order to
identify the role that can be played by agricultural extension and its
intensified efforts in creating awareness among farmers in preserving those
agricultural natural resources in a way that emphasizes its impacts in
preserving agricultural natural resources, in general, and agricultural soil and
irrigation water, in particular. This impact encompasses preventing
agricultural soil erosion and irrigation water, avoiding their pollution, and
developing them.
For all the previously mentioned point, the research was conducted
with the main objectives of:
1) To identify the respondents’ information related to each of:
a) Different features of agricultural land and irrigation water
depletion and pollution,
b) Different methods necessary for preserving both agricultural
land and irrigation water
2- To identify role of agricultural extension in relation with the
respondents’ information for each of:
a) Features of agricultural land and irrigation water depletion and
pollution; b). Different methods accessary for preserving
agriculturalland and irrigation water.
3- To identify attitudes of the study participants in preserving
agricultural soil and irrigation water;
4- To identify the study participants’ explanation for those reasons
that drive them in conducting the mistaken practices in dealing with
agriculturalenvironment;
5- To identify the’ study participants’ suggestions concerning
agriculturalenvironmentalconservation;
6- To study relationship between the study participants information
scores concerning shapes/forms of agricultural soil and irrigation
water depletion and pollution, as a dependent variable, and each of
the following independent variables: age, agricultural land
property, participant’s education, formal social participation,
informal social participation, exposure to some agricultural
knowledge sources related to environmental conservation, exposure
to some means of mass media, cosuopolitancy. Contacts with
change agents, opinion leadership attitude toward agricultural
innovations, attitudes towards agricultural extension, and extension
services rendered to farmers in relation with agricultural soil and
irrigation water conservation;
7- To determine contribution of the used independent variables that
have significant relationship with different aspects / forms of
agricultural soil and irrigation water depletion and pollution in
explainingvariance in that dependent variable;
8- To study relationship between information scores of the study
participants in relation with different used methods of agricultural
soil and irrigation water, as a dependent variable, and the
previously mentioned independent variables;
9- To determine contribution of theses used independent variables that
have significant relationship with the dependent variable, the
participants information scores related to the used methods of
agricultural soil and irrigation water conservation, in explaining
variance in the dependent variable;
10- To determine contribution of those previously mentioned
independent variables, that have significant relationships with
attitudes of the study participants towards agricultural soil and
irrigation water conservation, in explaining variance in the
dependent variable; and
1 1- To determine contribution of those independent variables, that
has significant relationships with attitudes of the study participants’
toward agricultural soil and irrigation water, in explaining variance
in the dependent variable.
The study was conducted in the three largest villages located in the
cultivated belt of the three governorates (Sharkia, Ismailia, and North Sinai).
The drawn sample size was 230 farmers representing 6.81 % of the total
population. Pearson simple correlation, Step-Wise Multiple Regression,
Frequency Tables, percentages, arithmetic mean, weighted arithmetic, and
standard deviation were used in analyzed the study data statistically.
The main obtained findings of the study were as the following:
1- The respondents’ information for different features of agricultural land
and irrigation water was relatively high 2- The respondents’ information fur the majority of the items related to
preserving agricultural land and irrigation water was to some what
low;
3- Different information sources related to different methods of
agricultural land and irrigation waters preservation can be ordered
ranked in accordance with their contribution in the information as : a)
non-governmental sources (relatives, neighbors, and personal
experiences), b) governmental extension sources (related to other
ministries and the Ministry of Agriculture). Those governmental
extension information sources were the least contributed in creating
awareness, among farmers in relation with methods/ ways of preserving
agricultural lands and irrigation water;
4- A big ortion of the farmers responses (83.57 %) indicated that the most
of farmers attitudes were natural or most supportive towards preserving
agricultural lands and irrigation water from depletion and pollution;
5 - The main reasons responsible for the respondents’ wrong behaviors
ranked in a descending way were:
a) Farmers’ force to use excessively pests;
b) Handy and quick use of chemical pesticides as away to get the
highest yield of the cultivated area and difficulties of obtaining
organic fertilizers in enough quantities to cover all the cultivated
area.
6- In formation score for 60% of the study participant farmers. in
relation to shapes of irrigation water and agricultural land depletion
was medium, or low. On the other hand, information score for
87.57% of the respondents in relation with irrigation was medium or
low. An attitude of 99.6 % of the respondents in relation irrigation
water and agricultural land conservation was either neutral or
negative;
7- The respondents’ information sources related to methods of irrigation
water and agricultural land conservation were mixture of different
govemoratal extension sources related to Ministry of Agricultural
(5.23%) and other non-agricultural ministries (17.87 %), and nongovernmental
local extension sources (79.9 %).
8- The main season for driving farmers towards conducting in a wrong
way, as perceived by the majority of the respondents, were: 1)
excessive use of the cultivated area, 2) excessive use of chemical
pesticides in order to protect cultivated crops from pest infestation,
and 3) difficulty of obtaining enough organic fertilizers to cultivate
all the cultivable areas.
9- The most prominent suggestions viewed and approved by the
majority of the respondents to improve the village agricultural
environment were: (1) introducing sanitary drainage in the village,
(2) creating awareness in relation with damages of excessive use of
farmers with different control methods that are not harmful to the
environment;
10- The study findings showed a significant relationship (at 0.01
level) between aspects / forms/ shapes of irrigation water and
agricultural soil erosion and contamination, and each of the studied
toward agricultural innovations, exposure to some means of mass
communication, and attitude toward agricultural extension;
11- There was a significant positive relationship (at 0.01 level)
between the respondent information score, related to methods of
irrigation water and agricultural land conservation, and each of the
SUMMARY
independent variables: exposure to some agricultural knowledge
sources, respondent’s education, attitude toward agricultural
innovations, and contact with change agents. The combined five
independent variables together explained 67.27 % of the variance in
the dependent variables explained 44.07 % of the variance in the
dependent variable, followed by the respondent’s attitude (12.64%).
attitude toward agricultural innovations (7.87%), and contact with
change agents (2.69%); and There was a positive significant
relationship (at 0.01 level) between respondent attitude toward
irrigation water and agricultural land and each of the independent
variables: respondent’s education, attitude towards agricultural
extension, and contact with change agents. The combined three
variables together explained 41.71 % of the variance in the
dependent variable.
Respondent’s education alone explained 23.49 % of the variance in
the dependent variable, following by connect with change agents
(10.77%), and then attitude towards agricultural extension (7.46 %).