الفهرس يوجد فقط 14 صفحة متاحة للعرض العام
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المستخلص
This study was conducted on hatching eggs of four local Egyptian chicken strains (Dokki-4, Inshas, Mandarah and El-Salam) for seven different hatches. This study was carried out at the Animal Husbandry and Animal Wealth Development Department, Alexandria University.
The most important results recorded were:
I. Hatch effect:
• Significant differences among hatches for early dead embryos were recorded. The highest mean score recorded for the fifth hatch, while the lowest one recorded for the fourth hatch (0.537 and 0.472) with percentages 22.96% and 12.26%.
• Seventh hatch showed highly significant differences among hatches were recorded for mid dead embryos.
• Significant differences among hatches were recorded for late dead embryos the highest mean score recorded for hatch number six, while the lowest record was for the second hatch (0.591 and 0.446) with percentages (41.20% and 20.32%).
• There were significant differences among hatches for unabsorbed yolk sac. The highest mean score recorded for the sixth hatch, while the lowest one recorded for the second hatch (0.524and 0.482) and the corresponding percentages were (17.79% and 10.37%).
• There were significant differences among hatches for sticky embryos. The highest mean score recorded for the sixth hatch, while the lowest one recorded for the fifth hatch (0.535and 0.489) with percentages of (13.16% and 4.61%).
• Significant differences among hatches for pipped unhatched chicks were recorded. The highest mean score recorded for the sixth hatch, while the lowest one recorded for the first hatch (0.530 and 0.488) the corresponding percentages were (12.07% and 4.33%).
• Dwarfism /deformed body showed significant differences among hatches. The highest mean score recorded for the sixth hatch, while the lowest one recorded for the third and the fourth hatches (0.506 and 0.495).
• Edematous neck differed significantly among hatches. The highest mean score recorded for hatch number six, while the lowest one recorded for the third and the fourth hatches (0.552, 0.456 and 0.456, respectively).
• Significant differences were recorded among different hatches for deformed leg. The highest mean score recorded for the fourth hatch, while the lowest one recorded for the fifth and the sixth hatches 0.503, 0.499 and 0.499, respectively.
• Head toward narrow end of the egg recorded highly significant differences among different hatches; the highest mean score was recorded for the third hatch, while the lowest one recorded for the first hatch (0.516 and 0.494 with corresponding percentages 5.85% and 1.61%).
• Significant differences among hatches for head over right wing were recorded. The highest mean score recorded for the fourth hatch, while the lowest one recorded for the fifth hatch 0.521 and 0.489 with corresponding percentages 9.96% and 3.91%.
• There were significant differences among hatches for right shank over head. The highest mean score recorded for the first and the fifth hatches, while the lowest one recorded for the second hatch (0.503, 0.503 and 0.496, respectively).
• Unclosed abdomen affected significantly by hatch date highest mean score recorded for the fourth and the seventh hatches, while the lowest one recorded for the first hatch (0.502, 0.502 and 0.498, respectively).the corresponding percentages were (0.83, 0.77 and 0.05%; respectively)
II. Strain effect:
• Significant differences among strains for early dead embryos were recorded; the highest mean score represented by El-Salam strain (0.515), while the lowest one represented by Mandarah strain (0.473) represented percentages (19.34% and 12.34%; respectively).
• There were significant differences among strains for late dead embryos; the highest mean score represented by Dokki-4 strain, while the lowest one represented by El-Salam strain (0.522 and 0.460 with corresponding percentages 31.37% and 22.32%).
• Effect of strain were detected for unabsorbed yolk sac; the highest mean score represented by Dokki-4 strain, while the lowest one represented by El-Salam strain 0.511and 0.486 with corresponding percentages 15.48% and 11.05 %.
• Significant differences among strains were recorded for sticky embryos trait; the highest mean score represented by Mandarah strain, while the lowest one represented by Inshas strain 0.510 and 0.480 parallel with percentages of 8.41% and 2.84%.
• Significant differences among strains for pipped unhatched chick; the highest mean score represented by Mixed eggs, while the lowest one represented by Inshas strain (0.509 and 0.486) with corresponding percentages 8.26% and 3.78%.
• Strain effect were evident for edematous neck the highest mean score represented by Mixed eggs, while the lowest one represented by for El-Salam strain (0.525and 0.478) with corresponding percentages 12.61% and 4.04%.
• Significant differences among strains for deformed neck chick. The highest mean score represented by Dokki-4 strain, while the lowest one represented by El-Salam and Mandarah strains (0.502, 0.499 and 0.499; respectively).
• Significant differences among strains for deformed head were recorded; the highest mean score represented by Inshas strain, while the lowest one represented by Mandarah strain and Mixed eggs (0.504, 0.498 and 0.498, respectively).
• Significant differences among strains were recorded for deformed legs, Head toward narrow end and head over right wing.
from the previous results we concluded that:
1- Poor hatchability of fertile eggs resulted from embryonic mortality, abnormal positions, deformed body and malformations.
2- Hatch number effect presented as a major factor that affected embryonic mortality, deformed body, abnormal positions and malformations.
3- Strain effect was evident. The highest percentages of fertility, commercial hatchability and scientific hatchability were recorded for Dokki-4 strain, while the lowest percentages were recorded for Inshas strain.