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Abstract
Fascioliasis is an important trematode infection of herbivores worldwide
with increasing incidence of prevalence as a disease of human. This work
estimated immunodiagnosis of Fasciola by detecting both circulating and
coproantigens. Cysteine proteases (CP) were isolated from Fasciola gigantica
excretory/secretory (ES) products by gel filtration chromatography sephacryl-S-200 HR column. The eluted proteins analyzed by 12.5% SDS PAGE under
reducing conditions showed only one band at 27.5kDa which was CP. By means
of the prepared and purified rabbit polyclonal antibody, Fasciola antigens were detected by sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in both stool and serum samples. Fasciola coproantigen detection assay in stools revealed high sensitivity (93.59% and 92.86%) and specificity (91.25 and 96.15%) in infected animals and patients, respectively. On the other hand, the parasitological diagnosis
(Kato-Katz technique),which is based on identification of Fasciola eggs in stool
yielded 71.79% positive cases in infected animals and Fasciola ova were found in 64.29% of infected human living in endemic area. The sensitivity of antigen detection assay in serum of infected animals was 90.38% and that of infected patients was 90.47%. The specificity also revealed highly significant results being 91.95% and 94.64% for infected animals and patients respectively. The results
showed a strong correlation between Fasciola egg count and both copro-and sera antigen levels detected. It was concluded that sandwich ELISA would be
promising not only in diagnosis of fascioliasis but also in epidemiological survey studied as well as the pathogenesis and treatment of fascioliasis in animals and humans.