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Abstract
The Coptic artist was very skillful in the art of painting, wing the methods and techniques which had been comenon in the ancient Egyptian art. It was his habit to depict religious themes on wall painting. In general, angels were one of the most common christian subjects which were normally displayed. The angels ars popular subject in folklore, literature, and also in the Coptic art.
The word ”angel” is derived from the Greek αγγελος meaning ”messenger” the literal meaning of the word indicates the primary function of angels as divine messengers. One of creatures intermediate between man and god.
The concept of angels became later wide spread in Judaism, christianity, and Islarn. Especially In the Old Testament, angels were described as being, messengers, men, powers, princes, son of god, and the heavenly host.
Angels are classified, according to the following into nine ranks (starting from the lowest rank): angels, archangels, principalities, power, virtues, dominations, thrones, cherubim, and seraphim. Most of sources agree concerning the first two ranks (angels, archangels) and the last two ranks (cherubim, seraphim), But disagree concerning the other ranks.
This research will concentrate on the different representations and aspects of angels which appeared on wall painting. These angels are drawn according to the apocalyptic visions from biblical texts commentaries, and traditional church sources.
They appeared in the churches of monasteries, christian catacombs (like necropolis of El Bagawat 4th century AD), and the Egyptian.
tombs and temples which were reemployed as churches, being redecorated with the Coptic wall paintings.
The research consists of Introduction and five chapters arranged in the
following order:
Chapter One: The Angels with Jesus christ and Saint Mary, which study the scenes of angels with The christ in majesty (pantocrator) almighty, and the assembled scene of the christ and St. Mary, also the two flight Angel Carrying christ’s figure as bust, and the cross with the image of christ and the four creatures, while with St. Mary enthroned between two Angelic orders, and during the some events of her life.
Chapter Two: which include the scenes of Angels with the Biblical characters, such as (the Sacrifice of Abraham, the Angels in Jacob’s dream, the three youth in the fiery furnace, the Annunciation to the prophet Zachariah the flight angel saves St. John the Baptism the Angel in Joseph’s dream The Angel with the three women mourning)
Chapter Three: The Angelic Hierarchy (archangels, the cherubim and seraphim)
The Seraphim and Cherubim are represented without attendants, also they depicted with the prophet Isaiah, and the Cherubim led St. Macarius the great.
Chapter Four: The Further Aspects of Angels. Such as, the facing angels with the precious cross the angels holding Gospel or flags, the protector angel, the personification of the virtues as angelic, and the rare scene of the Equestrian Angel.
Chapter Five: deals with comparative study of the scenes of angels on the murals to clarify the effect of location and history, also to demonstrate the influences of Byzantine and Syrians art on the Coptic depiction. And tourist promotion to the Coptic sites.
Finally, the conclusion shows certain results which could be obtained from the research and the analysis.