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Abstract
Some of the laboratory results are important in predicting pre-eclampsia and its severity as the following: 1- Increase in levels of ( (Total nitrites and nitrate),(u11) and (BNP) in blood in cases of pre-eclampsia. 2- Decrease in level of (CRF-BP) and increase in levels of (Thrombomdulin: TM) in blood in cases of pre-eclampsia. 3- Increase in level of (14-bp deletion allele), (factor v leiden gene mutation), prothrombin gene mutation), and (MTHFR C677T gene mutation) in cases of pre-eclampsia. 4- Decrease in level of ( adiponectin) and increase in level of ( leptin) in cases of pre-eclampsia. 5- Increase in level of ( Rh – D gen ), decrease in level of (placental protein 13) and decrease in level of( soluble endolgin) early in cases of pre-eclampsia. 6- Increase in level of ( PAPP – A) in cases of pre-eclampsia and its decrease before occurrence. 7- The coloured Doppler ultrasound can be used in early prediction in cases of pre-eclampsia. 8- There is vascular endothelial dysfunction in cases of pre-eclampsia. 9- Increase in level of (HCG). There is increase in rate of pre-eclampsia in cases of multifoetal pregnancies due to increase in placental size which is associated with increase in level of (sFLt1). 10- Increase in level of (prethrombotic markers) in cases of pre-eclampsia. 11- Decrease in level of Insulin- like growth factor ( IGF-1) and (IGF- binding protein-1) in cases of pre-eclampsia. 12- There is abnormal levels of (Neurokinen B ) and (plasminogen activators) in cases of eclampsia which occur in pre-eclampsia. There is not enough evidence that praction of some regular exercise can prevent occurrence of pre-eclampsia. Acetyle salycilic acid can be used in prevention of pre-eclampsia in cases susciptable to it and calcium dosage can be increased.The treatment of pre-eclampsia depends on drugs which lower the blood pressure.such as ((Hydralazine),(Nifedipine), (Labetalol), (Sodium nitroperusside) and (Magnesium sulphate) which the researches proved that (Magnesium sulphate) is more efficient than (phynetoin) in decreasing number of fits. However, the main successful treatment is delivery, as in sever cases of pre-eclampsia which occur before 34 weeks, pregnancy must be terminated and , also in cases of mild pre-eclampsia which occur at 37 weeks. There is some drugs which can help in the treatment of pre-eclampsia, as (Iodine) in cases of iodine deficiency, Corticosteroids in cases of (HELLP syndrome) to improve number of platelet and liver function. Researches are still working to know causes, methods of occurrence, pathogenesis and diagnosis of pre-eclampsia. The prediction is a method to prevent its occurrence.