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Abstract
Diabetes is associated with excess risk for coronary heart
disease. Some of this excess risk relates to an increased
prevalence of established risk factors. Nevertheless, these
traditional risk factors do not fully explain the excess risk
associated with diabetes. Therefore, other nontraditional risk
factors may be important in people with diabetes.
Different traditional and nontraditional vascular risk
factors, as inflammatory markers (IL1β and CRP), were
assessed among the two case groups (diabetics with
comorbidity and diabetics only) and a control group, each group
comprises 30 patients, to find their relation to psychiatric
disorders. Cases were subdivided to the two previously
mentioned groups to assess if presence of comorbidity has a
role in the development of psychiatric disorders.
As regard the inflammatory markers, the current study
showed that diabetic groups had higher levels of IL1β and CRP.
These results support the hypothesis that type II diabetes is
associated with chronic low-grade inflammation.
The current study showed that psychiatric disorders,
including depression, anxiety, cognitive impairment and
delirium, were more among diabetics compared to controls with
a highly significant difference and showed no statistically
significant difference between the two case groups (diabetic
Summary
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only and diabetic with comorbidity) regarding psychiatric
disorders.
Anxiety was found to be more among females with a
high statistically difference compared to males while there was
no statistically significant difference between males and
females regarding depression, cognitive impairment and
delirium.
It was found that depression, cognitive impairment and
delirium were associated with higher levels of IL1β and CRP
with a highly significant difference compared to those without
psychiatric disorders while there was no statistically significant
difference between cases with anxiety and those without
psychiatric disorders regarding IL1β and CRP.
It was found that cases with cognitive impairment,
depression and anxiety showed more use of insulin treatment in
comparison to those free of psychiatric disorders showing more
use of oral hypoglycemic drugs and these results were of a high
statistically significant difference, while no statistically
significant difference was found between delirious cases and
those free of psychiatric disorders regarding treatment of
diabetes.
The current study studied the relation between
psychiatric disorders and vascular risk factors (including age,
duration of DM, BMI, lipid profile and smoking).
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The results showed no statistically significant difference
between delirious cases and those free of studied psychiatric
disorders regarding coronary risk factors while cases with
cognitive impairment, anxiety and depression showed
statistically higher BMI, longer duration of DM, higher levels
of cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL and lower levels of HDL in
comparison to those cases free of studied psychiatric disorders.
The results showed higher mean of age among cases with
psychiatric disorders but it was of no statistically significant
difference.
Regarding smoking the results showed lower number of
smokers among cases with anxiety and higher number of
smokers among cases with depression and cognitive
impairment compared to those without psychiatric disorders.
All these results were of no statistically significant difference.
The current study showed that the presence of high levels
of inflammatory markers associated with diabetes can increase
the risk of coronary heart disease among diabetics and that the
presence of high prevalence of psychiatric disorders among
diabetics has a significant relation to inflammatory markers and
coronary risk factors associated with diabetes