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Abstract
Rickets is a disease of growing bone that is unique to children and adolescents. It is caused by failure of osteoid to calcify in a growing person. Vitamin D-3 (cholecalciferol) is formed in the skin from a derivative of cholesterol under the stimulus of ultraviolet-B light. Compelling genetic, nutritional, and epidemiological evidence links abnormalities in the vitamin D endocrine system with disorders unrelated to calcium homeostasis, ranging from hypertension and disturbed muscle function to susceptibility to infections, autoimmune diseases, and cancer.