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Abstract
Synthesis of acetylcholine involves the reaction of choline with acetate. The reaction between active acetate (acetyl-coenzyme A, acetyl-CoA) and choline is catalyzed by the enzyme choline acetyltransferase. Acetylcholine must be rapidly removed from the synapse by way of hydrolysis of acetylcholine to choline and acetate, a reaction catalyzed by the enzyme acetylcholinesterase. Acetylcholine Receptors Historically, acetylcholine receptors have been divided into two main types on the basis of their pharmacologic properties : muscarinic and nicotinic receptors .