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Abstract
5- This experiment was carried out at the private poultry farm. Chemical analysis of blood parameters was performed at Animal Production Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Ministry of Agriculture.
It was aimed to evaluate the effect of probiotics and prebiotics that are commonly used in broiler commercial farms on productivity and disease resistance in some commercial broilers hybrids.
A total number of 500 one-day old Hubbard broiler chicks of a nearly similar initial live body weight were used in this study. Chicks were randomly divided into three groups each of 150 chicks. Chicks of the first, second, and third groups were fed the starter and finisher diet supplemented with Moss 500, Biopower and Binder plus as growth promoter, respectively. Each group was then subdivided into 3 subgroups each of 50 birds. Chicks of each subgroup within the three experimental groups’ received the previously mentioned growth promoters at dose of 250, 500 and 750 gram per ton ration. The 10th subgroup was considered control (fed basal diet without any supplementation). Body weight was recorded at hatch, 4th and 7th weeks of bird’s age. Weight gain, rate of growth, feed consumption and conversion, performance index, economical efficiency, mortality rate, carcass measurements are estimated and considered as traits of productive performance. The immune organs was also estimated and considered organs sharing in immune response.
Blood haemoglobulin content, plasma protein fractions (total, albumen and globulin) glucose, total lipids, cholesterol, creatinine, uric acid, calcium, inorganic phosphorus and enzymes of transamination (AST and ALT) were estimated at 28th and 49th days of bird’s age.
Results obtained could be summarized as follows:
- Highly significant body weight average was found in the groups of chicks treated with Binder plus dietary supplementation (2491.32 gm), when compared with those treated with either Moss 500 or Biopower.
- Average body weight increased as the level of dietary supplementation increased up to 500 gm/ton ration, then remained with insignificant difference when increasing the level up to 750 gm / ton ration.
-Average body weight gain increased as the level dietary supplementation increased up to the level of 500 gm/ton ration. Highly significant interaction between treatments and level effect on body weight gain was found at the period from (5-7) and (0-7) week of age when the level of supplementation reached 500 gm/ton ration.
- Significant variation was observed in growth rate average due to treatments applied during the period from hatch to the 4th week of age (P<0.05) and during the whole experimental period (0-7wks) (P<0.001). Highly growth rate value during the period from (0-7 wks) was found in group of chicks fed Binder plus.
- Average of feed consumed decreased as the level of feed supplement increased. This was quite true in all feed supplementations applied. The higher rate of decrease was attained during the period from the 5th to 7th weeks of age.
- It was observed that the rate of the decreasing average feed conversion differed according to bird’s age. The highest decrease level was observed during the period from the 5th to 7th weeks of birds’ age.
- The highest performance index was observed in groups of birds treated with Biopower during the first 4 weeks of age (72.58%) and during the second three weeks of birds fed Binder plus (64.26%) and during the whole rearing period in the groups of birds fed either Biopower (123.95%) and those fed Binder plus (126.07 %). Level of dietary supplementation showed highly significant effect (p<0.001) on performance index.
- Highly significant variation (p<0.001) was found in the economical efficiency due to the level of feed additives applied. The higher economical efficiency values were observed when treatment (T1) (Moss 500) was interacted with the level of (L3) and (L2) (750 and 500 gm/ton ration) during the periods (0-4wks) and (5-7wks). On the other hand, the higher economical efficiency values were observed when treatment (T2) (Biopower) was interacted with level (L1) and (L2) (250 and 500 gm/ton ration), during the period (0-7 wks), respectively.
- Highly significant variation in the average of feed consumption and conversion, performance index and economical efficiency were observed due to the interaction effect between treatments and level of dietary supplementation.
-The rate of mortality decreased as dietary supplementation level increased up to 500 gm/ton ration. Highly significant variation was observed in the mortality rate due to the interaction between treatments and level.
- No significant effect due to treatments applied, level of dietary supplements used and the interaction between both on blood haemoglobulin content.
- Plasma total protein was found to be highly significantly affected (P< 0.001) with the level of dietary supplementation applied at 49th days of bird’s age only.
- Plasma albumin level was significantly affected (P<0.01) by the treatments applied only when estimated at the 28th days of bird’s age only.
- Level of dietary supplements applied highly significantly (P< 0.001) affected the level of albumin in plasma at both the two intervals of estimation. However, level of dietary supplementation was found to have significant effect (P<0.01) of plasma globulin level at the 49th day of chick’s age only.
- Plasma glucose level was not affected by either treatments or level of dietary supplementation applied. In addition, no significant variation was found due to the interaction between treatments and level of supplementation.
- Plasma contents of both total lipids and cholesterol showed no significant variation due to treatments applied, level of dietary supplementation and the interaction between them.
- Treatments applied had significantly effect (P<0.01) on plasma creatinine level at the 49th day of birds age. However, level of dietary supplements applied was found to have highly significant effect (P<0.001) on plasma creatinine level at the 28th day of bird’s age only. The interaction between treatments and levels of dietary supplements had significant effect of plasma creatinine level in birds at the 28th day of bird’s age only.
- Treatments applied had significant effect on plasma uric acid when estimated at the 28th day of chick’s age. The interaction between treatments and levels applied showed significant (p<0.05) effect on plasma uric acid level at 28th day of age.
-Treatments applied and level of dietary supplementation showed significant effect (P<0.01) on plasma calcium level in birds aged 28 days only. While, level of dietary supplemented had highly significant effect (P<0.001) on plasma phosphorous level in birds aged 49 days only.
- Plasma (ALT) showed significantly variation due to treatments applied when estimated either at 28th day (P<0.01) and highly significant variation (P<0.001) at the 49th day of birds age. However, levels applied showed their highly significant effect (P<0.001) of average plasma level of (ALT) at the 49th days of birds age only. The same results obtained due to the interaction between treatments and level applied.
- Absolute and proportional weight of abdominal fat was significantly affected (p<0.05) by dietary additives applied.
- Levels of dietary supplemented applied showed significant effect on absolute weight of thymus gland only. The absolute weight of this gland was higher in birds fed dietary additives when compared with control group. The interaction between treatments and levels applied showed significant effect on absolute weight of the thymus gland only.
CONCLUSION
It could be concluded that, Biopower supplementation at a level of 250 and 500 gm/ ton ration seemed to be adequate to achieve the favorable results and is being recommended from the economic point of view.