الفهرس 
IntroductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
summary and conclusion two field experiments were carried out during the summer seasons of 2006 and 2007 at the experimental farm of vegetables at kaha, agricultural research center (arc), ministry of agriculture doki giza, Egypt to investigate the effect of sowing date, bio and mineral fertilization, as well as plant growth stimulants on vegetative growth, chemical composition of plant foliage, flowering, dry seed yield and its quality for common bean plants (phaseolus vulgaris) cv. nebrsica. this study included two experiments as follows, first experiment : effect of sowing date and spray with some antioxidant on vegetative growth, chemical composition, flowering behavior and dry seed yield and its components as well as seed quality, this experiment included 21 treatments, which were the combination of three sowing dates, I.E., first of february, first of march and first of april and 7 spray treatments, I.E., dry yeast at 2 and 4 G /l, salicylic acid at 25 and 50 ppm and citric acid at 5 and 10 G /l in addition to the control treatment, a split plot design was adopted, where the sowing dates were located in the main plots and the spray treatments were randomly distributed in sub plots, the obtained results can be summarized as follows, 1 - vegetative growth characters : plant length, number of leaves and branches average leaf area, fresh and dry weight per plant were significantly increased with medium sowing date (1st of march) compared with early and late sowing ones spraying plants three times during the growing season at 20,30 and 40 days from sowing with salicylic acid at 25 or 50 ppm reflected the highest values in all studied growth parameters compared with other tested growth stimulants and the contro, sowing seeds on first of march and spraying the plants with salicylic acid at 50 ppm three times during the growing season reflected the highest values for plant length, number of leaves and branches, leaf area as well as fresh and dry weight of plant, 2- chemical composition of plant foliage : chlorophyll A, B and total as well as carotenoids and total phenols content in bean leaves were significantly affected due to sowing date, in this respect, sowing seeds on the first of march exhibited the highest values in this respect, spraying the plants three times with salicylic acid at 50 ppm significantly increased all assayed photosynthetic pigments and total phenols compared with the other tested growth stimulants and the control treatment sowing seeds on 1st of march and spraying the plants with salicylic acid at 50 ppm resulted in the highest values of chrophyll A, B and total as well as carotenoids and total phenols mineral constituents : brsowing bean seeds on the first of march led to significant increase in total nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium contents in plant foliage (stems and leaves) compared with either early (1st of february) or late (first of april) plantation spraying bean plants three times during the growing season with all tested growth stimulants enhanced the absorption of total nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium by plants compared with the control, in this regard, salicylic acid at 25 and 50 ppm reflected the highest values compared with other tested growth stimulants sowing the seeds on the first of march and spraying the plants with salicylic acid at 50 ppm reflected the highest values in all assayed macro-elements in stems and leaves of plants 3 - flowering behaviour : sowing seeds on 1st of march significantly increased number of flowers and pods / plant as well as fruit set percentage, however, late sowing on 1st of april decreased the number of days elapsed from sowing up to anthesis of the first flower for 25% of plants in each experimental plot number of flowers and pods produced by plant as well as fruit set percentage were significantly increased with spraying the plants with all tested growth stimulants, in this regard, using salicylic acid at 25 and 50 ppm exhibited the highest values in this concern, sowing the seeds on the first of march and spray the plants with salicylic acid at 50 ppm three times after 20, 30 and 40 days from sowing resulted in the highest number of flowers and pods/plant and the highest percentage of fruit set. moreover this treatment induced the least number of days elapsed to the anthesis of the first flower, 4 - seed yield and its components : results insure that sowing seeds on first of march significantly increased the total dry seed yield and its components I.E, weight of 100 seeds, number of seeds per pod, seeds yield per plot, percentage of large size seeds compared with early sowing (1st of february) and late sowing (1st of april (spray the plants with different studied growth stimulants significantly increased the total produced yield and its components compared with the control treatments, in addition, using salicylic acid at 50 and 25 ppm exhibited the highest values for total produced yield and its components compared with other tested growth stimulan sowing seeds on the first of march and spray plants with salicylic acid reflected the highest values of total seed yield and its components (weight of 100 seeds, number of seeds/pod, seed yield / plot and percentage of large size seeds, 5 - seed quality : A. chemical composition of seeds : results indicated that early and mid sowing date reflected the highest values in all determined chemical constituents I.E. total nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, reducing, non reducing and total sugars as well as total carbohydrates compared to late sowing, foliar application of salicylic acid at 25 and 50 ppm, yeast at 4 and 2 G /l and citric acid at 10 and 5 G / l in descending order increased all assayed chemical constituents compared with the control treatment, in this respect, the highest values were recorded in seeds produced by plants treated with salicylic acid at 50 ppm sowing seeds on the first of march and spray the plants with salicylic acid at 50 ppm reflected the highest values in mineral and organic constituents in produced seeds compared with other interaction treatments, B. physical seed quality physical seed quality expressed as germination rate and percentage, normal and abnormal seedlings percentage as well as length, fresh and dry weight of seedlings were significantly affected by sowing dates, in this respect, sowing seeds on 1st of march exhibited the highest values in all determined physical seed characters except percentage of abnormal seedlings which was decreased spraying the plants with tested growth stimulants enhanced all studied physical seed quality traits compared to the control treatment, in addition, using salicylic acid at 50 ppm exhibited the highest values in this respect sowing bean seeds on 1st of march and spray the plants three times after 20,30 and 40 days from sowing with salicylic acid reflected the highest values in germination rate, percentage, normal seedlings percentage as well as length, fresh and dry weight of developed seedlings conclusion it could be concluded that under such conditions it can be recommended to sowing common bean seeds on first of march and spray the plants three times after 20, 30 and 40 days from seed sowing with salicylic acid at 50 ppm to obtain adequate vegetative growth with higher fruit setting percentage and seed yield with best quality for the produced seed second experiment : effect of mineral and biofertilizers application on growth, chemical composition, flowering behavior, dry seed yield and its components as well as seed quality of bean this experiment included seven treatments, as follows : 1 - control treatment without addition of bio and mineral fertilizers, 2 - 100% bio fertilizers (phosphorine + nitrobein + potassiumag 3 - 100% bio fertilizers + 100% N.P.K 4- 75% bio fertilizers + 25% N.P.K 5 - 50% bio fertilizers + 50% N.P.K 6 - 25% bio fertilizers + 75% N.P.K 7 - 100% N.P.K a complete randomized design with four replicates was adopted obtained results can be summarized as follows 1 - vegetative growth : application of bio fertilizers at 300,500 and 300g / fed, (recommended dose) for phosphorine, nitrobein and potassiumag, respectively as well as mineral fertilizers at the recommended dose as ammonium sulphate at 200 kg, super phosphate at 200 kg and potassiumag sulphate at 100 kg / fed, in a single form or in combination increased all the studied vegetative growth characters I.E., plant length, number of leaves and branches per plant, average leaf area as well as fresh and dry weight per plant compared with the control, in this respect, application of mineral fertilizers plus bio-fertilizers at rate of 50% of the recommended dose from each of them reflected the highest values in all measured growth aspects, 2 - chemical constituents of plant foliage : a. organic constituents : using bio and mineral fertilizers at the recommended dose each of them alone or in combination at different ratioes significantly enhanced the content of photosynthetic pigments and total phenols compared to the control, in addition, treatment included bio-fertilizers at 50% combined with mineral fertilizers at 50% of recommended dose exhibited the highest values in all determined organic constituents compared with other tested treatments b- mineral constituents : total nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content in plant leaves and stems were increased as a result of application of bio and mineral fertilizers at the recommended dose compared with the control treatment, in addition, the highest values were recorded in case of treatments comprise both bio and mineral fertilizers at a ratio of 50% + 50%, 75% + 25% and 25% + 75% from bio and mineral fertilizers, respectively 3 - flowering behaviour : application of both bio and mineral fertilizers each of them solely or in a mixture at recommended dose in different ratio significantly affected all determined flowering aspects I.E, number of days elapsed to the anthesis of the first flower for 25% of plants in each experimental plot, number of flowers and pods per plant as well as setting percentage compared to the control treatment, in this concern, plants fertilized with bio fertilizers combined with mineral fertilizers at a ratio of 75 + 25%, 50 + 50% and 25 + 75% of bio and mineral fertilizers, respectively reflected the highest values without significant differences between them compared with other tested treatments 4- dry seed yield and its components : fertilizing the plants with bio fertilizers and mineral fertilizers each of them alone or in a mixture at different ratioes of recommended dose significantly increased the total dry seed yield and its components expressed as number of seeds per pod, weight of 100 seeds, seed yield per plot as well as per feddan and the percentage of large and medium size seeds compared with the control treatment, moreover, using bio-fertilizers combined with mineral fertilizers at rate of 50% + 50%, 75% + 25% and 25% + 75% from the recommended dose for bio and mineral fertilizers, respectively recorded the highest values for all aforementioned yield parameters 5 - seed quality : a - chemical constituents : application of bio - and mineral fertilizers each of them alone or as a mixture at different ratioes of recommended dose significantly increased total nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, total carbohydrates, reducing, non reducing and total sugars compared with the control treatment in this connection, treatment contained bio and mineral fertilizer, at ratio of 50% from each of them recorded the highest values of all assayed chemical constituents, b- physical quality : germination rate and percentage, percentage of normal and abnormal seedlings as well as length, fresh and dry weight of developed seedlings were significantly affected due to the application of bio and mineral fertilizers either in a single form or in a mixture compared to the control treatment, in this connection, using bio-fertilizers combined with mineral fertilizers at a ratio of 50% for each of them from the recommended dose reflected the highest percentages of germination and percentage, normal seedlings as well as length, fresh and dry weight of developed seedlings compared with other tested fertilization treatments, however, it reflected the lowest values of germination rate and abnormal seedlings percentage conclusion it could be recommended under similar conditions by fertilizing common bean plants with mineral and bio- fertilizers at ratio 50 % + 50 % from the commended dose for each of them, respectively to obtain adequate vegetative growth, flowering and fruit setting as well as higher dry seed yield with best quality and reducing the amount of mineral fertilizers to 50% of applied amount and reduce the environmental pollution.