الفهرس 
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Abstract
The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of marbofloxacin on the body weight, feed conversion rate (FCR), hematological and biochemical parameters including some antioxidants in healthy and salmonella-infected quails, in addition, the effect of probiotics on the fore-mentioned parameters in healthy and salmonella infected birds.
One hundred and forty one day old quails were used in this study. The birds were divided into seven equal groups. The first group was kept as normal control. Group (2) was infected by intracrop inoculation with 0.2 ml of broth containing 108 C.F.U of salmonella gallinarum. Group (3) was injected with marbofloxacin (10 mg/Kg.B.wt.) for 5 successive days. Group (4) was treated with probiotic (0.5 gm/L. drinking water) from one day old to the end of experiment. Group (5) was infected with salmonella gallinarum and treated with marbofloxacin at 17 days old. Group (6) was treated with probiotic followed by salmonella infection. Group (7) was infected with S.G followed by probiotic treatment.
Clinical Signs were observed. Body weight and feed consumption were determined weekly. Blood and serum samples were collected at 21, 28 and 35 days old.
Quails infected with salmonella gallinarum (gp. 2) showed white diarrhea, depression, ruffled feather and anorexia three days post infection with mortality rate 15%. Quails in groups (5 and 6) showed no clinical signs with no mortalities. Birds treated with S.G infection and followed by probiotic (gp.7) showed white diarrhea, depression, ruffled feather and anorexia with mortality rate (15%).
A significant (P<0.05) decrease in body weight gain coupled with an increase in FCR of quails infected with S.G( gps. 2 and 7) was noticed at 21 days old. In contrast, a significant increase of body gain and decrease FCR was reported in probiotic treated birds (gps. 4 and 6) at 21 days old. Marbofloxacin treated group (gp.3) showed non significant change in feed consumption, body weight gain and FCR.
The erythrogram of (gps. 2 and 7) showed a significant decrease in erythrocytic count and Hb% of salmonella gallinarum infected quails indicating normocytic normochromic anaemia at 21 days old and macrocytic hypochromic anaemia at 28 days old. Gps. (3, 4 and 6) showed non significant changes in erythrogram.
A significant increase in total leukocytic count of groups ( 2, 4, 5, 6 and 7) was detected at 21 days old with changes in differential leukocytic count continued at 28 and 35 days old.
Serum total proteins, AST, ALT and ALP of quails infected with S.G ( gps. 2, 5 and 7) showed a significant (P<0.05) increase at 21 days old, whereas no significant changes in all parameters of all groups were detected at 35 days old.
Treatment with marbofloxacin or probiotic ( gps. 3, 4 and 6) had no significant effects on serum total proteins of quails, AST, ALT and ALP levels.
A significant decrease in serum cholesterol of birds infected with S.G or treated with probiotic was measured at 21 and 28 days old. The decreased serum cholesterol level was detected in groups (2 - 7) at 21days old.
A significant increase in serum creatinine and uric acid of groups (2 and 7) at 21 and 28 days old was recorded.