الفهرس 
INTRODUCTIONOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) continue to be a common complication of surgery .It is a limiting factor in the early discharge of ambulatory surgery patients and is a leading cause of unanticipated hospital admission in absence of prophylactic antiemetics. Gynecological patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery show a frequent incidence of PONV 40% to 70%.Variety of factors have been implicated in PONV, including the patient’s gender, weight, age, pre-surgical anxiety state, surgical procedure,type and duration of anesthesia,time to ambulation, postoperative pain management, premedications and ventilation techniques.No single drug therapy for PONV is completely effective. For this reason, the use of treatment combinations and multimodal antiemetic therapies has become increasingly accepted as a means of reducing or possibly eliminating the nausea and vomiting in patients who undergo same day surgery.Ondansetron (OND) is a popular 5-HT3 serotonin receptor antagonist used for the management of PONV and has a relatively short- life (about 4 hours). Scopolamine has also been reported to be effective in the prevention of PONV. However, concerns have been raised regarding the use of IV or IM Scopolamine for routine antiemetic prophylaxis because of its short duration of antiemetic action and undesirable side effect (e.g, visual disturbance, dry mouth, dizziness, agitation, drowsiness) resulting from high peak plasma concentration. The Scopolamine 1.5mg transdermal therapeutic system is a unique delivery form of Scopolamine allowing for continuous delivery of the drug over 72 hours.The aim of the present work was to study the effect of transdermal Scopolamine plus Ondansetron and Ondansetron alone in the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting after pelvic laparoscopy.