الفهرس 
Epidemiology of extended-suicideOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Extended suicide is considered one of the lethal violence and a phenomenon shocks the whole community, So, it is important to understand this tragic phenomenon from psychiatric view. Extended-suicide is homicide followed by suicide and the duration in between one week maximally. This Phenomenon is a collection between the crimes of murder and suicide but with special circumstances ,psychological and social factors prompted them to do this crime.
According the study of prevalence and incidence of that phenomenon which is done in many western and eastern countries like (USA, Netherlands, Swaziland, France, England , India and south Africa) , authors found that the prevalence in western countries about 0.2 to 0.3 per 100,000 persons, and differed in incidence from country to another. In eastern countries the prevalence of that phenomenon according studies in India and South Africa is about 0.06 per 100,000 populations. Every year, at least, there was one case of ‘murder–suicide’. Though there was no specific pattern of incidence.
On the other hand, some studies suggested that the incidence of extended suicide increased with the high incidence of homicide alone and suicide alone. But, other studies said that it decreased or constant with the incidence of both homicide and suicide. Finally, the most agreed that the rate of incidence of extended suicide increases with the increasing of violence in general and domestic violence in particular.
It is worth mentioning that the study of the demographic data and characters of this phenomenon reveals it’s relation with the following;
1- Relationship, the family( father, mother, sons ,daughters,…etc) is involved in this crime. family’s friends and siblings or ex-family may be involved. NB, most of these crimes occur in home.
2- Age; the age of the perpetrators are between 40 to 50 years old and other suggested that no specific age.
3- Substance drug abuse and alcohol intoxication related to increase that crime.
4- Criminal history, the incidence of extended suicide related to the history of criminal history of killing or going to jail.
5- Demotic violence increases the incidence of extended suicide.
6- Separation and divorce related to this phenomenon.
7- Financial problems also, very related to it.
8- Fire arms; Increase the spread of unlicensed weapons leads to the occurrence of many of these crimes and the type of weapon used differs according the environment and society.
Many theories tried to discuse the explanation of extended suicide. So, some studies considered that it is a form of lethal violence and has both suicide and homicide, so that, suicide and homicide are alternate and causal forms of death. The choice for homicide or suicide depends on attribution concerns: a higher tendency of external blame in response to frustration will result in a higher homicide rate relative to the suicide rate .Conversely, factors that increase the internal attribution of blame in response to frustration increase the risk of suicide relative to homicide. Clearly, the principal source of frustration in homicide‐suicide stems from the perpetrator’s inability to live neither with nor without the victim. Therefore, other authors suggest viewing homicide‐suicide as containing both inward and outward attribution styles: outward attribution resulting in homicide, followed by internal attribution resulting in suicide.
Recently, theoretical approaches can be divided into three parts;
a- theories relating to the origin of aggression.
b- theories related to the direction of aggression .
c-theories relating the outcome of aggression.