الفهرس 
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Abstract
This report discusses the applications ofMEMS in oil and gas industry.
It describes how MEMS provide solutions for measuring and controlling in industry by various sensing and actuating techniques.
As MEMS market had grown exponentially in the last decades every year , its expected that MEMS technology replaces a lot of conventional macro ,mini and micro sensors and actuators providing micro and nano scale dimensions with low power consumption.
Not even using MEMS sensor provide saving for power consumption only but MEMS participate to act as a self power generator that generates powers from any mechanical or thermal event in its environmental place.
Oil and gas industry is energy industry that is in some times need very accurate and flexible sensors, as example pipe lines leak detection under oceans, Toxic gas detector, precision chemical injection and many precise applications need to have a flexible and accurate sensor which is provided by MEMS technology.
Materials used with the MEMS sensors is very common and meet in one point with the le manufacturing by using silicon as substrate which gives the availability to integrate the mechanical sensors and actuators by its electronic circuits.
MEMS sensors and actuators may be based on Piezoresistive, Piezoelectric, thermal expansion, magnetic or capacitive sensing techniques.
Finally, samples of the MEMS application in oil and gas industry (pressure, flow, viscosity and seismic sensors) that may be help to understand how MEMS can replace the conventional sensors are presented .
This report is organized in six chapters that can be summarized as in the following
Chapter (1): Introduction to Micro-Electro Mechanical Systems (MEMS)
This chapter discusses the definition of MEMS and its history and present an overview on its applications.