الفهرس 
Surgical Anatomy of theOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
The explosion of laparoscopic techniques in general
surgery has entailed an important modification in surgery,
which some authors have denoted ‘biliary perestroika’.
Since the Bethesda Conference consensus from 1992,
laparoscopic cholecystectomy has been the treatment of choice
for symptomatic gallstones
In the beginning, liver cirrhosis was considered a
contraindication for laparoscopic cholecystectomy, mostly for
the same reasons as for other surgical procedures, i.e. mild to
severe bleeding tendency, prolonged wound healing due to
hypoproteinemia, and various metabolic disorders. The effect of
CO2 pneumoperitoneum on the cirrhotic liver was also
discussed.
Using correct operative indications, better opportunity,
and reasonable modality or techniques, we can improve the
curative effect and prognosis in patients with cholelithiasis and
liver cirrhosis.
The study was done to evaluate and to compare between
the characters, risk and benefits of laparoscopic
cholecystectomy (LC) versus open cholecystetomy (OC) in
cirrhotic portal hypertension (CPH) patients.