الفهرس 
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Abstract
Childhood obesity, rising for more than two decades, appears to have
hit a plateau. The World Health Organization classifies about 400 million people
around the world as obese. Obesity is the result of long-term energy imbalances in
which daily energy intake exceeds daily energy expenditure. Energy balance is
modulated by a myriad of factors, including metabolic rate, appetite, diet, and
physical activity, endocrine problems. genetic syndromes, and medications. Obesity
increases the risk for serious health conditions that affect their present, future health
and quality of life, including insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, high blood pressure
and abnormal blood lipid levels, low self-esteem. Over weight kids may be more
likely to develop unhealthy dieting habits and eating disorders, such as anorexia
nervosa and bulimia, and they may be more prone to depression and substance abuse.
Objective: To raise awareness of the children in Ismailia city towards the problem of
obesity that leads eventually to minimize this problem and its complications.
Patients and methods: This is a school based, cross sectional study, that was carried
out on 608 children in some of the preparatory schools in Ismailia city according to
randomization. The methods that were used included questionnaire and measurements
to assess: Personal history, family socio-economic status, knowledge of the child
towards obesity, healthy diet and importance of sports, attitude of the child regarding
eating habits, assessment of the child’s physical activity, assessment of the child’s
watching screens daily hours, assessment of Psychological impact of obesity on both
the obese child and his family members and measurement of BMI percentile of the
studied children.
Results: More than three fourths of the studied population fall under the normal
weight categorization in a percentage about 87.2%. while 7.7% of them are
overweight and 5.1 % are obese. Psychological status wasn’t affected in 14.1 % of the
overweight and obese subjects. However in 33.3% of the subjects, there was severe
effect pf obesity on their psychological status. Relations between obesity and age
group 14 tol5 years old, illiterate mother and high mother’s educational level are
statistically signi ficant, The relation between obesity and knowledge is statistically
non significant. The relation between obesity and attitude regarding eating habits is
statistically significant. The relation between obesity and practice of sport is
statistically significant in low activity and high activity. Also the relation between
obesity and physical inactivity is statistically significant in low, moderate and high
physical inactivity.
Conclusion: Associated with changes in life style in recent years, obesity has been
increased steadily ill children, so the main conclusion is that an educational
nutritional program should be given to pupils in schools by physicians and dietitians
during all the years of public school attendan.ce. The instructions of these programs
should emphasize the importance of balanced nutritional regimes, as well as the risk
and consequences of extreme dieting.
Key words: obesity, children, schools.